Skip to main content
. 2019 Apr 8;68(3):991–1011. doi: 10.3233/JAD-181184

Fig.2.

Fig.2

ApoE4 causes metabolic inflexibility in neuronal cells. A) Total ATP levels in N2a-apoE3 and N2a-apoE4 cells normalized to basal glycolysis and respiration (5 mM glucose and 5 mM pyruvate) (Basal Glyc. + Resp.). The other conditions are basal respiration only (5 mM galactose added in place of glucose) (Basal Resp. Only); stimulated glycolysis only (metabolism stimulated by depolarizing cellular membranes with 20μM FCCP and blocking ATP synthase with 10μM oligomycin) (Stim. Glyc. Only); and stimulated respiration only (energetic demand induced by both futile phosphorylation of 5 mM 2-deoxyglucose and Na+ cycling by 1μM monensin) (Stim. Resp. Only). Values are mean±SD (n = 4). *p < 0.05 versus N2a-apoE3 cells under same condition (t test). B) Growth of N2a-apoE3 and N2a-apoE4 cells in medium containing 5 mM pyruvate and either 5 mM glucose (to support glycolysis and respiration) or 5 mM galactose (to support respiration only). Values are mean±SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 versus N2a-apoE4 + galactose cells at the 48-h time point (one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post test).