Summary of findings 3. Clozapine: low dose (150 mg/day to 300 mg/day) versus standard dose (301 mg/day to 600 mg/day) for schizophrenia.
| Clozapine: low dose (150 mg/day to 300 mg/day) versus standard dose (301 mg/day to 600 mg/day) for schizophrenia | ||||||
| Patient or population: patients with schizophrenia Settings: Intervention: Clozapine: low dose (150 mg/day to 300 mg/day) versus standard dose (301 mg/day to 600 mg/day) | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Control | Clozapine: low dose (150 mg/day to 300 mg/day) versus standard dose (301 mg/day to 600 mg/day) | |||||
| Global state: clinically important response, as defined by individual studies | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 0 (0) | See comment | No study reported this outcome. |
| Mental state: clinically important response in mental state BPRS score >30% change Follow‐up: 6 weeks | Low1 | RR 0.93 (0.78 to 1.1) | 176 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low 1,3 | ||
| 200 per 1000 | 186 per 1000 (156 to 220) | |||||
| Moderate1 | ||||||
| 500 per 1000 | 465 per 1000 (390 to 550) | |||||
| High1 | ||||||
| 800 per 1000 | 744 per 1000 (624 to 880) | |||||
| Functioning: clinically important change in general functioning, as defined by individual studies | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 0 (0) | See comment | No study reported this outcome. |
| Adverse effect: clinically important adverse effect ( weight ‐ BMI) Follow‐up: 6 weeks | The mean adverse effect ‐ any clinically important specific adverse effects ‐ BMI in the intervention group was 0.2 higher (0.84 lower to 1.24 higher) | 57 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low2,3 | |||
| Service use: number of days hospitalised | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 0 (0) | See comment | No study reported this outcome. |
| Service use: time to hospitalisation | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 0 (0) | See comment | No study reported this outcome. |
| Quality of life: clinically important change in general quality of life | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | 0 (0) | See comment | No study reported this outcome. |
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio; | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
1 Risk of bias rated as 'serious' (downgraded by 1) as allocation concealment, blinding status and trial sponsorship unclear 2 Indirectness: rated 'serious' (downgraded by 1) as proxy measure of pre‐defined outcome
3 Imprecision: rated as 'serious' (downgraded by 1) as only one study providing data, small number of participants (less than 200)