Table 2. The median and IQR values of host markers detected in overnight culture supernatants from a WBA in leprosy patients (MB and PB patients) and non-leprosy controls (HHCs, ECs, and TB patients).
| M. leprae antigens | Host marker | Median (IQR), pg/ml | P value (Mann-Whitney test) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MB | PB | HHC | EC | TB | PB vs. MB | PB vs. HHC | PB vs. EC | PB vs. TB | ||
| ML2044 | TNF-alpha | 8.84(2.96–12.74) | 8.43(2.84–20.10) | 2.96(2.90–2.96) | 2.96(2.84–2.96) | 2.96(0.83–5.53) | 0.78 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.04* |
| IL-4 | 46.00(21.91–62.79) | 46.00(46.00–62.79) | 5.24(5.24–21.91) | 5.24(5.24–21.91) | 5.24(5.24–21.91) | 0.46 | <0.01* | <0.01* | <0.01* | |
| IL-6 | 62.08(24.47–132.60) | 30.66(15.51–123.80) | 2.08(1.59–7.45) | 3.66(1.50–6.71) | 3.27(1.50–5.57) | 0.34 | 0.02* | 0.01* | 0.01* | |
| IL-10 | 1.20(1.06–1.20) | 1.20(0.24–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 0.22 | / | <0.01* | 0.22 | |
| CCL2/MCP-1 | 232.1(172.3–523.4) | 202.2(147–688.4) | 172.4(125–315.5) | 198.8(109.2–253.2) | 233.6(110.5–308.5) | 0.93 | 0.26 | 0.48 | 0.41 | |
| CCL4/MIP-1 beta | 3328(1471–4923) | 2414(1278–4291) | 470.9(221.8–759.6) | 470.9(374.6–827.8) | 193.9(118.7–337.4) | 0.52 | 0.01* | <0.01* | <0.01* | |
| CXCL8/IL-8 | 1060(991.3–1060) | 1060(1060–2040) | 708.5(346.3–1060) | 766.1(553.1–1060) | 222.7(144.8–553.7) | 0.16 | 0.01* | 0.01* | <0.01* | |
| CXCL10/IP-10 | 127.2(69.09–187) | 76.06(64.72–130.5) | 59.5(43.62–96.13) | 179.4(102–302.6) | 156.5(84.9–237.3) | 0.34 | 0.04* | <0.01* | 0.08 | |
| G-CSF | 61.9(24.7–185.8) | 77.56(56.38–180.5) | 17.33(7.572–35.33) | 17.33(8.16–32.06) | 17.33(7.57–56.38) | 0.36 | <0.01* | <0.01* | <0.01* | |
| GM-CSF | 1.65(0.14–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(0.93–3.97) | 3.97(1.27–3.97) | 0.14 | 0.72 | 0.61 | 0.41 | |
| LID-1 | TNF-alpha | 4.77(2.96–11.09) | 2.96(2.31–3.81) | 2.96(1.78–2.96) | 2.96(2.04–3.60) | 2.96(1.78–2.96) | 0.10 | 0.39 | 0.97 | 0.49 |
| IL-4 | 24.54(8.79–35.10) | 12.35(5.24–24.54) | 5.24(5.24–12.35) | 5.24(5.24–12.35) | 5.24(5.24–12.35) | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.13 | |
| IL-6 | 29.07(12.09–109.10) | 21.95(4.10–45.82) | 4.742(1.70–15.43) | 5.79(2.34–13.97) | 4.528(2.34–11.90) | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.09 | |
| IL-10 | 1.20(0.68–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 1.20(1.09–1.20) | 1.20(1.20–1.20) | 0.62 | 0.47 | 0.71 | 0.89 | |
| CCL2/MCP-1 | 95.12(78.94–187.10) | 97.45(79.79–179.30) | 122.2(96.23–175.90) | 90.25(62.64–145.80) | 87.77(57.21–195.70) | 0.93 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.62 | |
| CCL4/MIP-1 beta | 1472(804.5–2914) | 1379(505.8–1697) | 495.4(316.2–923.6) | 338(168.7–540.8) | 362.2(89.8–683.1) | 0.30 | 0.08 | 0.02* | 0.02* | |
| CXCL8/IL-8 | 1343(1006–1592) | 1325(429.4–1975) | 697.5(422.2–2333) | 349.8(155.1–972.7) | 520.6(252.6–776.4) | 0.93 | 0.71 | 0.03* | 0.09 | |
| CXCL10/IP-10 | 88.9(59.7–153.2) | 62.32(44.4–83.9) | 54.8(40.5–93.5) | 93.97(50.2–199.7) | 124.3(82.8–374.4) | 0.17 | 0.52 | 0.21 | 0.01* | |
| G-CSF | 44.15(31.62–113.20) | 70.75(58.22–82.31) | 51.43(27.07–58.22) | 44.15(29.35–67.62) | 58.22(27.07–82.31) | 0.45 | 0.02* | 0.07 | 0.23 | |
| GM-CSF | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | 3.97(3.97–3.97) | / | / | / | / | |
Whole blood was collected from all participates and stimulated overnight with specific M. leprae antigens (ML2044 and LID-1). The concentrations of cytokines and chemokines were determined with Luminex multiplex assays.