Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population (n = 1,747).
| Variables | N (%)/M (SD) | Variables | N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education | Oxytocin augmentation | ||
| High school or below | 828 (47.4) | No | 879 (53.0) |
| College or above | 919 (52.6) | Yes | 728 (41.7) |
| Maternal age, years, mean (SD) | 27 (4.00) | Unknown | 140 (8.0) |
| Gestational age, weeks, mean (SD) | 39 (1.65) | Prenatal education | |
| Previous deliveries | No | 1,273 (72.9) | |
| No | 932 (53.3) | Yes | 474 (27.1) |
| Yes | 815 (46.7) | Pain management | |
| Onset of labor | No pain relief method | 1,108 (63.4) | |
| Spontaneous | 1,138 (65.1) | Pharmacy pain relief | 399 (22.8) |
| Induction | 469 (26.8) | Nonpharmacy pain relief | 188 (10.8) |
| Unknown | 140 (8.0) | Unknown | 52 (3.0) |
| Labor duration less than 12 h | 1,229 (79.3) | Companionship | |
| Type of delivery | Yes | 1,568 (89.8) | |
| Spontaneous vaginal | 1,625 (93.0) | No | 179 (10.2) |
| Instrumental | 122 (7.0) |