Table 4.
Characteristics of participants providing individual participant data (baseline investigations)
| Trial | Electroencephalographic (EEG) |
Computerised Tomography (CT) /Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
Neurological exams | ||||||
| Normal | Abnormal | Missing | Normal | Abnormal | Missing | Normal | Abnormal | Missing | |
| Banu 2007 | 49 (45%) | 54 (50%) | 5 (5%) | 21 (19%) | 5 (5%) | 82 (76%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 108 (100%) |
| Baulac 2012 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 583 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 583 (100%) | 478 (82%) | 103 (18%) | 2 (0%) |
| Bill 1997 | 126 (44%) | 152 (53%) | 9 (3%) | 173 (60%) | 69 (24%) | 45 (16%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 287 (100%) |
| Biton 2001 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 136 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 136 (100%) | 89 (65%) | 46 (34%) | 1 (1%) |
| Brodie 1995a | 62 (46%) | 72 (53%) | 2 (1%) | 82 (60%) | 12 (9%) | 42 (31%) | 123 (90%) | 13 (10%) | 0 (0%) |
| Brodie 1995b | 76 (61%) | 42 (34%) | 6 (5%) | 72 (58%) | 20 (16%) | 32 (26%) | 108 (87%) | 16 (13%) | 0 (0%) |
| Brodie 1999 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 150 (100%) | 62 (41%) | 87 (58%) | 1 (1%) | 90 (60%) | 60 (40%) | 0 (0%) |
| Brodie 2007 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 579 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 579 (100%) | 493 (85%) | 86 (15%) | 0 (0%) |
| Chadwick 1998 | 107 (37%) | 179 (61%) | 6 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 292 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 292 (100%) |
| Craig 1994 | 28 (17%) | 74 (45%) | 64 (39%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 166 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 166 (100%) |
| de Silva 1996 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 173 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 173 (100%) | 152 (88%) | 15 (9%) | 6 (3%) |
| Dizdarer 2000 | 18 (35%) | 34 (65%) | 0 (0%) | 50 (96%) | 2 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 52 (100%) |
| Eun 2012 | 6 (7%) | 78 (93%) | 0 (0%) | 75 (89%) | 9 (11%) | 0 (0%) | 83 (99%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Guerreiro 1997 | 92 (48%) | 99 (51%) | 2 (1%) | 126 (65%) | 12 (6%) | 55 (28%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 193 (100%) |
| Heller 1995 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 243 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 243 (100%) | 222 (91%) | 19 (8%) | 2 (1%) |
| Kwan 2009 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 81 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 81 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 81 (100%) |
| Lee 2011 | 58 (53%) | 52 (47%) | 0 (0%) | 74 (67%) | 36 (33%) | 0 (0%) | 110 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Mattson 1985 | 126 (27%) | 343 (72%) | 6 (1%) | 308 (65%) | 119 (25%) | 48 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 475 (100%) |
| Mattson 1992 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 480 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 480 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 480 (100%) |
| Nieto‐Barrera 2001 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 622 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 622 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 622 (100%) |
| Ogunrin 2005 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 55 (100%) | 37 (67%) | 0 (0%) | 18 (33%) | 55 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Pal 1998 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 94 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 94 (100%) | 24 (26%) | 70 (74%) | 0 (0%) |
| Placencia 1993 | 180 (94%) | 12 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 192 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 192 (100%) |
|
Privitera 2003 (CBZ branch)a |
0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 395 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 395 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 395 (100%) |
|
Privitera 2003 (VPS branch)a |
0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 225 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 225 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 225 (100%) |
| Ramsey 1992 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 136 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 136 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 136 (100%) |
| Ramsey 2010 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 261 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 261 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 261 (100%) |
| Reunanen 1996 | 13 (4%) | 13 (4%) | 325 (93%) | 16 (5%) | 5 (1%) | 330 (94%) | 305 (87%) | 46 (13%) | 0 (0%) |
| Richens 1994 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 300 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 300 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 300 (100%) |
| SANAD A 2007 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1721 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1721 (100%) | 1267 (74%) | 410 (24%) | 44 (3%) |
| SANAD B 2007 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 716 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 716 (100%) | 595 (83%) | 107 (15%) | 14 (2%) |
| Steiner 1999 | 103 (57%) | 71 (39%) | 7 (4%) | 111 (61%) | 33 (18%) | 37 (20%) | 165 (91%) | 16 (9%) | 0 (0%) |
| Stephen 2007 | 51 (22%) | 121 (53%) | 55 (24%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 227 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 227 (100%) |
|
Trinka 2013 (CBZ branch)1 |
0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 999 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 999 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 999 (100%) |
|
Trinka 2013 (VPS branch)1 |
0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 703 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 703 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 703 (100%) |
| Turnbull 1985 | 70 (50%) | 70 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 17 (12%) | 10 (7%) | 113 (81%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 140 (100%) |
| Verity 1995 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 260 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 260 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 260 (100%) |
| Werhahn 2015 | 117 (32%) | 242 (67%) | 2 (1%) | 78 (22%) | 282 (78%) | 1 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 361 (100%) |
| Total | 1282 (10%) | 1708 (14%) | 9401 (75%) | 1302 (11%) | 701 (6%) | 10,388 (83%) | 4359 (36%) | 1008 (8%) | 7024 (56%) |
aTrials designed in two strata based on whether recommended treatment would be CBZ or VPS. Within the two strata, participants were randomised to TPM in Privitera 2003/LEV in Trinka 2013 or CBZ/VPS depending on the strata. Data analysed according to the separate strata (CBZ branch or VPS branch) in this review.