Czapinski 1997

Methods	36‐month randomised, comparative trial conducted in Poland 4 treatment arms: CBZ, PHB, PHT, VPS
Participants	Adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy Number randomised: CBZ = 30, PHT = 30, PHB = 30, VPS = 30 100% of participants had partial epilepsy Age range: 18‐40 years Percentage male and range of follow‐up not mentioned (outcome recorded at 3 years)
Interventions	Monotherapy with CBZ, PHT, PHB or VPS Starting doses CBZ = 400 mg/d, PHT = 200 mg/d, PHB = 100 mg/d, VPS: 600 mg/d Dose achieved not stated
Outcomes	Proportion achieving 24‐month remission at 3 years and exclusions after randomisation due to adverse effects or no efficacy
Notes	Abstract only. Outcomes chosen for this review were not reported, contact made with trial authors but IPD not available
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Trial randomised but no further information provided
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information provided
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information provided
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information provided
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	"Exclusion rates" reported for all treatment groups, no further information provided
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol available, trial available in abstract format only. Outcomes for this review not available
Other bias	Low risk	None identified