Fu 2013.

Methods	Allocation: randomised ‐ no further details. Blindness: unknown. Duration: 4 weeks. Design: parallel group.
Participants	Diagnosis: schizophrenia (ICD‐10). History: mean 3.6 years, SD 0.6 years. N = 40. Age: mean 38.3 years, SD 10.3. Sex: 18 M, 22 F. Setting: inpatients.
Interventions	1. Instrumental improvisational music therapy, 45 minutes per session, 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks (12 sessions in total). 5 people formed a therapy group. N = 20. 2. Standard care, medication. N = 20.
Outcomes	Social functioning: Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS; Wu 1998). Behaviour: Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE; Honigfeld 1965).
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details given.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details given.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Due to the nature of the intervention it was not possible to blind those who received music therapy or those who delivered it.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No details given.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No attrition
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No study protocol available. All outcome measures described in the study were considered in the analysis.
Other bias	Low risk	Adequate music therapy method: yes. Adequate music therapy training: yes. The intervention was implemented by a trained music therapist. No financial, personal or other interests producing bias detected.