Table 1. Some of the parameter values associated with LCZ types from [18].

Columns represent the percentage of built (λ_B [%], ratio of building plan area to total plan area), impervious (λ_I [%], ratio of impervious plan area (paved, rock) to total plan area) and vegetated (λ_V [%], ratio of pervious plan area (bare soil, vegetation, water) to total plan area) land-cover and mean height of roughness elements (H [m], geometric average of building heights (LCZs 1–10) and tree/plant heights), sky view factor (SVF) and anthropogenic heat flux (AHF [W m⁻²]). The last column presents the total impervious surface density (IMD [%]), calculated as the sum of the outer ranges of λ_B and λ_I.

LCZ	λB	λI	λV	H	SVF	AHF	IMD
1. Compact high-rise	40–60	40–60	<10	>25	0.2–0.4	50–300	>80
2. Compact midrise	40–70	30–50	<20	10–25	0.3–0.6	<75	>70
3. Compact low-rise	40–70	20–50	<30	3–10	0.2–0.6	<75	>60
4. Open high-rise	20–40	30–40	30–40	>25	0.5–0.7	<50	50–80
5. Open midrise	20–40	30–50	20–40	10–25	0.5–0.8	<25	50–80
6. Open low-rise	20–40	20–50	30–60	3–10	0.6–0.9	<25	40-90
7. Lightweight low-rise	60–90	<20	<30	2–4	0.2–0.5	<35	>60
8. Large low-rise	30–50	40–50	<20	3–10	>0.7	<50	>70
9. Sparsely built	10–20	<20	60–80	3–10	>0.8	<10	10-40
10. Heavy industry	20–30	20–40	40–50	5–15	0.6–0.9	>300	>40
A. Dense trees	<10	<10	>90	3–30	<0.4	0	<20
B. Scattered trees	<10	<10	>90	3–15	0.5–0.8	0	<20
C. Bush, scrub	<10	<10	>90	<2	0.7–0.9	0	<20
D. Low plants	<10	<10	>90	<1	>0.9	0	<20
E. Bare rock or paved	<10	>90	<10	<0.25	>0.9	0	>90
F. Bare soil or sand	<10	<10	>90	<0.25	>0.9	0	<20
G. Water	<10	<10	>90	–	>0.9	0	<20