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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: J Diabetes Complications. 2018 Jun 12;32(10):934–939. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.06.005

Appendix Table 5B.

Annual per person costs of healthcare provider visits, tests, procedures, medications, and equipment/supplies by modern treatment scenario

Category Unit cost source Basic therapy Intensive therapy
Modern Basic (L,L,L,G) Modern MDI (L,L,L,G) Modern Pump (L) Modern Pump plus CGM (L)
Healthcare providers CMS1 $689 $754 $788 $822
Tests $157 $157 $157 $157
Procedures $20 $20 $20 $20
Medications “least expensive”2,3 $6,123 $6,889 $5,466 $5,466
“average cost”2 $6,123 $6,889 $5,466 $5,466
Equipment/supplies “least expensive”2,3 $405 $971 $6,381 $15,729
“average cost”2 $1,143 $2,972 $6,504 $15,853
Total “least expensive”13 $7,395 $8,791 $12,811 $22,195
“average cost”13 $8,133 $10,792 $12,935 $22,318

Abbreviations: MDI, multiple daily injections; Pump, insulin pump therapy; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; L, lispro; G, glargine; CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

1.

The unit costs were based on the Medicare reimbursement fee schedules. Available at: http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare.html

2.

The unit costs (except the pump battery) were based on the RED BOOK Online-Micromedex Solutions; Micromedex 2.0, (electronic version). Truven Health Analytics, Greenwood Village, Colorado, USA. Available at: http://www.micromedexsolutions.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu. The unit costs of the pump battery were based on the sale price at http://www.walmart.com

3.

The unit costs were based on the ReliOn products if they were available, including: human regular insulin, human NPH insulin, glucose meters not communicating with insulin pumps (non-pump meters), glucose test strips for non-pump meters, lancets, insulin syringes, insulin pen needles, alcohol prep pads, and glucose tablets. Available at: http://www.relion.com/products/