Fig. 1.
Effect of different (100 pM to 100 µM) VGVAPG peptide concentrations on DCF fluorescence (ROS measurement) in primary astrocytes; a after 6 h and b after 24 of exposure. Each point represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, each of which consisted of six replicates per treatment group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, versus the control cells