Table 1:
Patient characteristics by phenotypic drug resistance profiles obtained at the Swiss National Center for Mycobacteria.
| Pan- susceptible |
Any resistance |
P- value |
Mono-resistance |
Poly-resistance |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INH | RIF | PZA | MDR | Pre- XDR/XDR |
Other | ||||
| Total | 394 (100) | 240 (100) | 29 (100) | 14 (100) | 2 (100) | 163 (100) | 30 (100) | 2 (100) | |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 150 (38.1) | 89 (37.1) | 0.80 | 6 (20.7) | 3 (21.4) | 0 | 65 (39.9) | 14 (46.7) | 1 (50.0) |
| Male | 244 (61.9) | 151 (62.9) | 23 (79.3) | 11 (78.6) | 2 (100) | 98 (60.1) | 16 (53.3) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Age (year) | 34.6 (27.8–44.6) |
31.5 (25.3–40.2) |
0.003 | 34.3 (26.5–43.2) |
27.1 (24.9–35.5) |
26.1 (23.3–28.9) |
31.5 (25.4–41.4) |
30.3 (24.2–37.5) |
27.3 (24.4–30.2) |
| HIV status | |||||||||
| Negative | 200 (50.8) | 162 (67.5) | <0.001 | 20 (69.0) | 8 (57.1) | 1 (50.0) | 114 (69.9) | 18 (60.0) | 1 (50.0) |
| Positive | 194 (49.2) | 78 (32.5) | 9 (31.0) | 6 (42.9) | 1 (50.0) | 49 (30.1) | 12 (40.0) | 1 (50.0) | |
| CD4 count at baselinecells/μl | 215 (85–369) |
161 (61–369) |
0.79 | 92.5 (55–161) |
63.5 (43–81) |
43 | 259 (151–528) |
32 (5–105) |
213 |
| No. of observations (%) | 155 (39.3) | 45 (18.9) | 6 (20.7) | 6 (42.9) | 1 (50.0) | 24 (14.7) | 7 (23.3) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Treatment regimen | |||||||||
| First line | 369 (93.7) | 46 (19.2) | <0.001 | 27 (93.1) | 0 | 2 (5.4) | 14 (9.2) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (50.0) |
| Second line | 25 (6.3) | 188 (78.3) | 2 (6.9) | 14 (100) | 0 | 143 (85.3) | 28 (93.3) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 6 (2.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (5.5) | 0 | 0 | |
| Treatment outcomes | |||||||||
| Success | 287 (72.8) | 124 (51.7) | <0.001 | 15 (51.7) | 7 (50.0) | 0 | 88 (54.0) | 13 (43.3) | 1 (50.0) |
| Mortality | 24 (6.1) | 45 (18.8) | 7 (24.1) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (50.0) | 24 (14.7) | 10 (33.3) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Treatment failure | 12 (3.0) | 10 (4.2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 5 (3.1) | 4 (13.3) | 0 | |
| Lost to follow-up | 29 (7.4) | 30 (12.5) | 1 (3.5) | 3 (21.4) | 0 | 26 (16.0) | 0 | 0 | |
| Transfer | 15 (3.8) | 14 (5.8) | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0 | 9 (5.5) | 3 (10.0) | 0 | |
| Ongoing treatment / unknown | 27 (6.9) | 17 (7.1) | 6 (20.7) | 0 | 0 | 11 (6.7) | 0 | 0 | |
| Country | |||||||||
| Côte d’Ivoire | 48 (12.2) | 51 (21.3) | <0.001 | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0 | 44 (27.0) | 4 (13.3) | 0 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 33 (8.4) | 29 (12.1) | 0 | 1 (7.1) | 0 | 19 (11.7) | 9 (30.0) | 0 | |
| Kenya | 24 (6.1) | 11 (4.6) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (7.1) | 0 | 8 (4.9) | 0 | 0 | |
| Nigeria | 20 (5.1) | 36 (15.0) | 1 (3.5) | 5 (35.7) | 0 | 26 (16.0) | 4 (13.3) | 0 | |
| Peru | 66 (16.8) | 38 (15.8) | 8 (27.6) | 0 | 0 | 27 (16.6) | 3 (10.0) | 0 | |
| South Africa | 130 (33.0) | 57 (23.8) | 6 (20.7) | 7 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 32 (15.5) | 10 (33.3) | 1 (50.0) | |
| Thailand | 73 (18.5) | 18 (7.5) | 9 (31.0) | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 7 (4.3) | 0 | 1 (50.0) | |
Analysis based on 634 patients (see supplementary Figure S1). Numbers (%) or median (interquartile range) are shown.
INH, isoniazid; MDR, multidrug resistant; PZA, pyrazinamide; RIF, rifampicin; XDR, extensively drug resistant.