Table 1.
Demographics of the MS patients. Clinical data of MS patients at baseline (0 months) and after division into NEDA and EDA groups (after 12 months).
| MS patients (n = 92) | HC
(n = 101) |
NEDA
(n = 56) |
EDA
(n = 36) |
p value
(NEDA versus EDA) |
p value
(MS versus HC) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sex
(female/male) |
65/27 | 59/42 | 39/17 | 26/10 | p = 0.791a | p = 0.076a |
|
Mean (± SD) age at MRI
(years) |
32.9 ± 9.9 | 19.7 ± 0.9 | 34.6 ± 9.0 | 30.4 ± 10.8 | p = 0.052b | p < 0.001b |
|
Mean (± SD) age at diagnosis
(years) |
31.9 ± 9.8 | - | 33.2 ± 9.1 | 29.9 ± 10.7 | p = 0.115b | – |
| Mean (± SD) disease duration (months) | 12.1 ± 14.5 | - | 15.1 ± 15.7 | 7.4 ± 10.9 | p = 0.006b | – |
|
Median (range) follow-up
(months) |
12.0 (10.0–14.0) |
11.5 (10.0–16.0) |
12.0 (10.0–14.0) |
12.0 (10.0–14.0) |
p = 0.163c | p = 0.655c |
|
Median (range) EDSS
(at baseline) |
1.0 (0–4.0) | – | 1.0 (0–4.0) | 1.5 (0–3.5) | p = 0.637c | – |
|
Median (range) EDSS
(after 12 months) |
1.0 (0–4.0) | – | 1.0 (0–4.0) | 1.0 (0–4.0) | p = 0.268c | – |
|
Median (range) LV at baseline
(ml) |
1.9 (0.02–33.0) |
– | 2.3 (0.1–33.0) |
1.6 (0.02–24.2) |
p = 0.115c | – |
|
DMDd
(no/yes) |
30/62 | – | 14/42 | 16/20 | p = 0.052a | – |
DMD, disease-modifying drug; EDA, evidence of disease activity; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; HC, healthy control; LV, lesion volume; MS, multiple sclerosis; NEDA, no evidence of disease activity; SD, standard deviation.
p value derived from Pearson’s chi-squared test (sex and disease-modifying treatment).
p value derived from Student’s t test (age at MRI, age at diagnosis, and disease duration).
p value derived from Mann–Whitney U test (follow-up time, EDSS at baseline, EDSS at follow up, and lesion volume).
A detailed list of each DMD (at baseline and at follow up) and the corresponding statistics between NEDA and EDA patients is provided in the Supplementary Tables 2a and 2b.