Table 3.

Multivariable Models of Odds of Mental and Behavioral Health Conditions by Adverse Childhood Experiences and Resilience Among Pregnant Women (N = 355)

	Low resilience 1+ ACEs vs. 0 ACEs		High resilience 1+ ACEs vs. 0 ACEs
	OR (95% CI)	p-Value	OR (95% CI)	p-Value
Condition
Anxiety disorder	4.21 (1.54–11.50)	0.005	1.44 (0.44–4.72)	0.545
Depressive disorder	3.09 (1.13–8.45)	0.027	2.95 (0.73–11.90)	0.129
Depression symptoms	2.05 (0.96–4.38)	0.086	1.70 (0.71–4.07)	0.235
Intimate partner violence	6.50 (1.47–28.71)	0.014	2.41 (0.66–8.84)	0.184
Prenatal substance use	1.29 (0.54–3.10)	0.572	1.99 (0.85–4.65)	0.113

Bold values are significant at p < .05.

Depressive symptoms are based on the PHQ-9 survey routinely given during the first trimester of prenatal care. IPV includes a diagnosis of IPV in the EHR in the year before or during pregnancy or endorsing any of the three questions related to IPV at the beginning of prenatal care. Low resilience is based on a score below the national average (≤32), and high resilience is based on a score greater than or equal to the national average (>32) on the Connor-Davidson RISC-10 Resilience questionnaire given at the time of ACEs screening.