Table 3.
Detection frequency of 12 analytes in 60 periodontally healthy persons, means in pg/ml, and, if detected in more than 15 (25%) cases, standard deviation (SD) and mean + 2SD
| Biomarker (pg/ml) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean + 2SD (cutoff) |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL‐1β | 2 (3.3%) | — | 0.1a |
| IL‐1ra | 55 (91.7%) | 17.7 (25.9) | 69.6 |
| IL‐6 | 7 (11.7%) | — | 0.1a |
| IL‐8 | 46 (76.7%) | 8.5 (9.5) | 27.5 |
| IL‐17 | 5 (8.3%) | — | 0.1a |
| b‐FGF | 1 (1.7%) | — | 0.1a |
| G‐CSF | 0 (0%) | — | 0.1a |
| GM‐CSF | 0 (0%) | — | 0.1a |
| IFN‐γ | 6 (10.0%) | — | 0.1a |
| MIP‐1β | 60 (100%) | 129.5 (59.7) | 248.9 |
| TNF‐α | 24 (40.0%) | 10.3 (25.6) | 61.5 |
| VEGF | 56 (93.3%) | 192.5 (161.5) | 515.5 |
Note. Mean + 2SD values served as a threshold to define peak values in periodontitis patients. b‐FGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; G‐CSF: granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor; GM‐CSF: granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.
a
For these biomarkers with <25% of samples with detectable values, the threshold was set at the detectable level (0.1).