TABLE 3.
Maternal outcomes of a supplemental feeding trial in pregnancy, by treatment group1
| RUSF | CSB+ with UNIMMAP | CSB+ with IFA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | n | Value | n | Value | n | Value | P 2 |
| Weight gain from enrollment to final measurement,3 kg | 547 | 3.4 ± 2.6 | 540 | 3.0 ± 2.2 | 559 | 3.2 ± 2.4 | 0.034 |
| Time from enrollment to delivery, wk | 572 | 11.7 ± 6.6 | 580 | 11.1 ± 6.4 | 590 | 11.4 ± 6.3 | 0.26 |
| Treatment rations received | 572 | 4.9 ± 2.9 | 580 | 4.9 ± 2.8 | 590 | 5.0 ± 2.8 | 0.73 |
| Delivery before receiving second treatment ration | 572 | 32 (6) | 580 | 40 (7) | 590 | 31 (5) | 0.53 |
| Weight gain3 <454 g/wk | 547 | 403 (74) | 540 | 424 (79) | 559 | 408 (71) | 0.42 |
| Change in MUAC | 572 | 0.0 ± 0.09 | 580 | 0.2 ± 0.8 | 590 | 0.1 ± 0.8 | 0.11 |
| Final MUAC, cm | 572 | 22.2 ± 1.0 | 580 | 22.1 ± 0.9 | 590 | 22.2 ± 0.9 | 0.11 |
| Graduated from trial | 572 | 199 (35) | 580 | 168 (29) | 590 | 192 (33) | 0.12 |
| Final fundal height, cm | 572 | 31.2 ± 2.6 | 580 | 31.0 ± 2.6 | 590 | 31.4 ± 2.2 | 0.12 |
| Final fundal height <28 cm | 572 | 33 (6) | 580 | 39 (6) | 590 | 20 (3) | 0.06 |
| Type of pregnancy loss | |||||||
| Miscarriage | 613 | 5 (0.8) | 605 | 6 (1.0) | 610 | 6 (1.0) | 0.94 |
| Stillbirth | 613 | 4 (0.7) | 605 | 11 (1.8) | 610 | 4 (0.7) | 0.07 |
| Lost to follow-up | 613 | 26 (4) | 605 | 27 (5) | 610 | 27 (4) | 0.99 |
Values are expressed as means ± SDs or n (%). CSB+, fortified corn-soy blend; IFA, iron and folic acid (standard of care); MUAC, midupper arm circumference; RUSF, ready-to-use supplemental food; UNIMMAP, UN International Multiple Micronutrient Preparation.
P values were calculated using one-factor ANOVA (continuous measures) and the chi-square test (categorical measures).
Weight gain analysis includes only women receiving treatment for ≥14 d; 103 women with only 1 visit who had singleton births and were not lost to follow-up were excluded from this analysis.
RUSF was significantly different from CSB+ with UNIMMAP with one-factor ANOVA, which was confirmed by Tukey-Kramer post hoc testing.