Table 4.

Importance of attributes of GLP1 RA treatments determined in DCEs conducted in patients with T2DM

	Attribute importance
	1 (most important)	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 (least important)
Gelhorn et al18 (injectable-naïve)	Dose frequency	Type of device	Nausea	Weight change	Change in HbAlc	Hypoglycemia
Gelhorn et al19 (injectable-naïve)	Dose frequency	Type of device	Nausea	Hypoglycemia	Weight change	Change in HbAlc
Hauber et al20,a
Exenatide QW users	Dose frequency	Injection-site reactions	Needle size	Type of device	Storage
Liraglutide QD users	Dose frequency	Type of device	Needle size	Injection-site reaction	Storage
Insulin-only users	Dose frequency	Needle size	Type of device	Injection-site reaction	Storage
Injectable-naïve	Dose frequency	Needle size	Storage	Injection-site reaction	Type of device
Polster et al22 (injectable-experienced and -naïve)	Change in HbAlc	Nausea	Hypoglycemia	Dose frequency
Qin et al15 (injectable-naïve)	AE profile	Change in HbAlc	Dose frequency	Long-term efficacy/safety	Titration	Injection preparation	Type of device	Needle size
Qin et al23 (injectable-experienced)	AE profile	Change in HbAlc	Dose frequency	Injection preparation	Long-term efficacy/safety	Type of device	Needle size	Titration

Notes: For type of device, levels evaluated included SUP and MUP (Gelhorn et al);¹⁸,¹⁹ SUP, MUP, and vial and syringe (Hauber et al);²⁰ and SUP, MUP, vial and syringe, and autoinjector (Qin et al).¹⁵,²³

^aImportance rankings for QD dosing. Attributes were less important when dosing was QW, although ranking remained the same. Efficacy held constant in all DCE pairs.

Abbreviations: AE, adverse event; DCEs, discrete-choice experiments; HbA_lc, glycated hemoglobin; MUP, multiuse pen; QD, quaque die (once daily); QW, once weekly; SUP, single-use pen; RAs, receptor agonists; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.