Summary of findings 2. Sildenafil compared with active control for pulmonary hypertension in neonates.

Sildenafil compared with active control for pulmonary hypertension in neonates
Patient or population: pulmonary hypertension in neonates Setting: neonatal intensive care unit Intervention: sildenafil Comparison: magnesium sulphate
Outcomes	Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI)		Relative effect (95% CI)	No. of participants (studies)	Quality of the evidence (GRADE)	Comments
	Risk with magnesium sulphate	Risk with sildenafil
All‐cause mortality	Study population		RR 0.55 (0.05 to 5.75)	65 (1 RCT)	⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa,b	Evidence was downgraded due to very serious imprecision, as results from this single study have not been replicated and risk of bias is evident in study design (missing data)
	59 per 1000	32 per 1000 (3 to 338)
*The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on assumed risk in the comparison group and relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI) CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; RR: risk ratio
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate quality: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low quality: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low quality: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect

^aImprecise due to small sample size; only one included study

^bRisk of bias due to missing data (not analysed as intent to treat)