Moore 2013

Methods	DESIGN: Randomised controlled cross‐over trial BLINDING PROCEDURES: Not possible to blind participants. SAMPLE CALCULATION: Yes DURATION: 48 weeks (24 weeks each arm) WITHDRAWALS/DROPOUTS: 24 ITT: Not applicable GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION: 4 sites in Western Canada SETTING: Paediatric clinic
Participants	N = 46 DIAGNOSIS: Spina bifida ELIGIBLE: Not stated ENROLLED: 70 COMPLETED: 46 AGE: Children GENDER: 21 male, 25 female
Interventions	Hydrophilic‐coated (not activated) single‐use catheter with an uncoated, non‐lubricated (water added by user) multiple‐use catheter
Outcomes	Symptomatic UTI, antimicrobial use, haematuria, days of missed activities, user‐reported satisfaction
Notes	Hydrophilic catheters do not appear to reduce febrile UTI or antibiotic use in community‐dwelling children using CIC.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	'Computer generated list into random blocks of 8'
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	'Sealed opaque envelopes'
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	'Not possible to blind subjects to product. All data was entered by an impartial technician.'
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Risk of detection bias considered low as cross‐over trial.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	24 participants dropped out
Source of Funding	Unclear risk	Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, Spina Bifida Association of Northern Alberta, Northern Alberta Urology Foundation Canada, Coloplast A/S (products)