Pachler 1999

Methods	DESIGN: Randomised controlled cross‐over trial BLINDING PROCEDURES: Not stated SAMPLE CALCULATION: No DURATION: 3 weeks each arm FOLLOW‐UP: 3 weeks WITHDRAWALS/DROPOUTS: Not clear ITT: Not applicable GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION: Denmark SETTING: Community
Participants	N = 32 DIAGNOSIS: Retention due to BPH ELIGIBLE: Not stated ENROLLED: 43 COMPLETED: 32 AGE: Adults GENDER: Male
Interventions	Hydrophilic‐coated (not activated) (Lofric) single‐use catheter with an uncoated, non‐lubricated (water added by user) multiple‐use catheter x 3 weeks each
Outcomes	Urine for C&S at baseline and each 3 week point; haematuria; responses to catheter use questionnaire
Notes	UTI defined as > 10 x 4 CFU/mL. No differences between groups in questionnaire response, bacteriuria or haematuria but short follow‐up and small sample size. Unable to use data in Table of Comparisons because of cross‐over design and no mid‐point data.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No blinding, but the review authors judge that the outcome and outcome measurement are not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Participant‐reported outcome ‐ risk of detection bias unclear
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Unclear number of participants included but not completed
Source of Funding	Unclear risk	Kirudan A/S (products)