Ehrenborg 2010.
Methods | RCT; 2 arms; assessed at post‐treatment and 6‐month follow‐up | |
Participants | End of treatment: n = 62 Start of treatment: n = 65 Sex: 33 F, 29 M Age: mean = 39.4 (SD 11.1) Mean years of pain = 2.1 (SD 2.5) Source = outpatient rehabilitation unit Diagnosis = pain (neck and shoulder) after whiplash injury |
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Interventions | CBT rehabilitation plus EMG biofeedback versus CBT rehabilitation | |
Outcomes |
Primary pain outcome: no data Primary disability outcome: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Primary mood outcome: none Catastrophising outcome: none Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Multi‐dimensional Pain Inventory (Swedish) |
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Notes | CBT versus active, post‐treatment and follow‐up: analyses 1.2 and 2.2 2011 search Yates quality scale: total quality = 21/35, design quality = 17/26, treatment quality = 4/9 |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | “Randomization was performed by casting a die after the participant’s acceptance: odd numbers for treatment group ....” |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | Not reported |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Attrition fully reported |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Fully reported |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Therapists conducted assessments: statement that study not blinded |