Park 2012.

Methods	Pseudo RCT of TVT‐O vs TOT (Monarc)
Participants	74 women Inclusion criteria: women with SUI including those with MUI Exclusion criteria: neurogenic bladder; POP; suspected ISD; or a past history of radical pelvic surgery Mean age (years): Group A: 54.4 (10.13); Group B: 55.1 (10.63) Mean BMI kg/m²: Group A: 28.9 (0.53); Group B: 25.9 (0.48) Urgency/UUI: Group A: 25/39; Group B: 22/35
Interventions	Group A: TVT‐O (n = 39) Group B: TOT Monarc (n = 35)
Outcomes	Cure was defined as the absence of any episodes of involuntary urine leakage during stressful activities and a stress test. Improvement was defined as a significant reduction in urine leakage, such that it did not require further treatment Objective cure at 12 months and 3 years Subjective cure at 12 months and 3 years Subjective cure & improvement at 1yr and 3 years Voiding dysfunction Bladder and urethral perforation Groin pain Post operative dyspareunia
Notes	Cystoscopy was performed in all women
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: “were included in this randomised, prospective, observational study”
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Quote: "The procedure was performed by a single surgeon, and patients underwent one of the two techniques in accordance with the scheduling order (MONARC and TVT‐O), in alternation"
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All accounted for