Comparison 3.

Pentoxifylline versus placebo or no treatment/standard care

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Live birth; pentoxifylline vs placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (natural conceptions and undergoing fertility treatments)	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.54 [0.68, 3.50]
2 Clinical pregnancy; pentoxifylline vs placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (natural conceptions and undergoing fertility treatments)	3	276	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.07 [1.20, 3.56]
2.1 Placebo	2	164	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.07 [0.94, 4.56]
2.2 No treatment	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.06 [0.97, 4.38]
3 Clinical pregnancy; type of antioxidant	3		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 Pentoxifylline	2	164	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.07 [0.94, 4.56]
3.2 Pentoxifylline plus vitamin E	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.06 [0.97, 4.38]
4 Clinical pregnancy; indications for subfertility	3		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Endometriosis	2	164	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.07 [0.94, 4.56]
4.2 Varying indications	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.06 [0.97, 4.38]
5 Clinical pregnancy; IVF/ICSI	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.06 [0.97, 4.38]
6 Adverse events	3		Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1 Miscarriage	3	276	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.34 [0.46, 3.90]
6.2 Multiple pregnancy	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.78 [0.20, 3.09]
6.3 Ectopic pregnancy	1	112	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.04 [0.18, 23.13]