Wilson 2002.
Methods | Blocked RCT in an unblinded trial. | |
Participants | Number screened: not stated. Number included: 54. Number followed up: 54. Number of withdrawals: no information. Diagnosis of DCD: no information. Presence and absence of comorbid conditions: children excluded if they had current or history of neurological disease, including head injury, psychiatric disorders, or attention‐deficit disorder. Regarding participants completing the study Age: 7 to 12 years. Sex: no information. Ethnicity: no information. Country: Australia. Setting: assessment conducted at schools, and training interventions provided in the Centre for Movement Education and Research, Griffith University. Sociodemographics: no information. Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
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Interventions |
Intervention: image training vs traditional perceptual‐motor training vs inactive control. Intervention schedule of traditional perceptual‐motor training programme: 60 min once/wk. Duration of intervention: 5 wk. Mode of delivery: face‐to‐face individual sessions. Intervention material: image training: a selection of fundamental motor skills (catching a tennis ball, throwing a tennis ball, striking a softball, jumping to a target using a 2‐leg take‐off, balancing a ball on a bat while walking, and placing objects using a formboard); traditional perceptual‐motor training: combination of gross‐motor, fine‐motor, and perceptual‐motor activities (hopping, skipping, jumping, climbing, and marching activities with hoops, ropes, ladders, and a trampoline; throwing, catching, and striking balls and quoits; scooter boards; balance beams, boards, and balls; fitball aerobics; pegwork; origami; and handwriting activities). Intervention procedure: image training: observation of video‐audio sequences of a selection of fundamental motor skills, mental exercise, and physical practise; traditional perceptual‐motor training: approach was client centred, with sufficient scope for children to engage in activities of interest while at the same time developing areas of weakness. Intervention provider: 2 research assistants with experience in conventional approaches to perceptual‐motor therapy. Place of intervention: Centre for Movement Education and Research, Griffith University. Intervention compliance: no information. |
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Outcomes |
Primary
Adverse effects or events: no information. Measures of participation: no information. |
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Notes | Study start date: not available. Study completion date: not available. Sample calculation: no information. Ethics approval: yes. Comments from study authors Limitations:
Key conclusions of study authors
Comment from review authors Not all children below the 50th percentile have DCD. Email correspondence with study authors: January 2016. We wrote to the authors twice to request supplementary information on data but received no reply. |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | High risk | Not stated. No reply to enquiry. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not stated. No reply to enquiry. |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not stated, but impossible anyway. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Independent evaluator blinded. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No dropouts. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | No protocol obtained. All prespecified outcomes of interest reported. |
Other bias | Low risk | Funding: research funded by an Australian Research Council grant awarded by Griffith University. Conflict of interest: no information available. Small numbers. |