Table 1. Summary of datasets used in this study.

						Gene expression		DNA methylation
Study number		GEO project identifiers	Study design	n	Authors	Analyzed tissue type	Assays	Analyzed tissue type	Assays
Study 1	Human	GSE69683	Severe asthma/healthy	422	Bigler et al. [32]	WB	Affymetrix HT HG-U133+PM	N.A.
Study 2	Human	GSE82221	SLE/healthy	33	Zhu et al. [33]	PBMC	Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0	WB	Illumina 450k infinium
Study 3	Human	GSE65219, GSE58888	Nonagenarian/ young	154	Nevalainen et al. [34]	PBMC	Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0	PBMC	Illumina 450k infinium
Study 4	Mouse	GSE6287	Renal vesicle, s-shaped body, and collecting duct	8	GUDMAP database [35,36]	e14.5 kidney	Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A	N.A.
Study 5	Mouse	GSE4230	Lim1 conditional mutant mice	4	Chen et al. [37]	e14.5 kidney	Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0	N.A.
Study 6	Mouse	GSE45844	Nephron progenitor-specific Sall1 deletion	6	Kanda et al. [38]	e14.5 kidney	Agilent Whole Mouse Genome	N.A.

SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; N.A., not analyzed; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; WB, whole blood