Bai 2005.

Methods	RCT. Method not described. Three arms. Blinding not mentioned. Unclear if ITT Follow‐up at one year with assessments at 3 months, 6 months and 9 months.
Participants	N = 92. No withdrawals mentioned UDS confirmed. No mixed incontinence Groups comparable as to age, parity, BMI, menopausal status, MUCP, VLPP, functional urethral length and peak flow rates at baseline Incl: USI grade I and II Excl: grade III incontinence, detrusor overactivity, UTI, ISD, POP > grade II Ob & Gyne. South Korea
Interventions	I: Burch (33) II: Sling (28) III: TVT (31) Sling procedure was a pubovaginal sling using autologous rectus muscle fascia TVT technique according to Ulmsten All procedures performed by one surgeon
Outcomes	Number cured (3 months, 6 months,12 months); complication rate (number with idiopathic detrusor overactivity, hesitancy, urinary retention) Cure defined as absence of subjective complaints of leakage and absence of urinary leakage on stress test
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	randomization method not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	not mentioned
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	not mentioned
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	not mentioned
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	not mentioned
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	all patients with complete follow‐up; no mention of dropouts
Other bias	Unclear risk	no other bias identified