Ahmedzai 2012.

Methods	Design: randomised double blind, active controlled, double dummy, parallel group study. Pre‐study opioid and laxative stopped prior to randomisation Duration: 4 weeks Setting: Probably community‐ not clearly stated
Participants	Cancer pain‐ moderate or severe requiring round the clock opioid therapy equivalent to Oxycodone 20‐80mg/day. Participants who had chemotherapy in previous 2 weeks excluded or radiotherapy that could influence bowel function or pain N = 184 M 94, F 90 Mean age 63 years (range 36 ‐ 84)
Interventions	1. Oxycodone prolonged release 2. Oxycodone prolonged release with naloxone
Outcomes	Pain control using BPI‐SF Bowel function Use of rescue medication Use of laxatives QoL Adverse events
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R = 2, DB = 2, W = 1. Total = 5/5
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	'pseudo random number generator in a computer programme'
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method not described
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	'treatments were masked in a double dummy fashion'
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	'treatments were masked in a double dummy fashion'
Incomplete adverse event outcome data‐ patient level	Low risk	> 90% of participants included
Selective reporting bias for adverse events	High risk	Incomplete breakdown of AEs
Size	Unclear risk	185 participants