Comparison 1. CNI withdrawal versus standard dose CNI.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Death	14	2010	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.19 [0.93, 1.54]
1.1 Avoidance	4	566	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.31 [0.85, 2.01]
1.2 Late withdrawal	10	1444	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.14 [0.83, 1.56]
2 Acute rejection	15	1666	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.54 [1.56, 4.12]
2.1 Unspecified	7	1066	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.72 [1.08, 2.75]
2.2 Biopsy‐proven	8	600	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	4.48 [2.10, 9.55]
3 GFR	8	910	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	3.56 [‐1.13, 8.25]
3.1 One year	5	653	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.22 [‐5.38, 4.94]
3.2 Two years	1	108	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	7.90 [1.43, 14.37]
3.3 Over 5 years	2	149	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	11.09 [4.81, 17.37]
4 Graft loss	16	2090	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.85 [0.74, 0.98]
5 Serum creatinine	4	189	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	19.17 [5.89, 32.44]
5.1 Six months	1	24	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	31.78 [10.58, 52.98]
5.2 One year	3	165	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	11.04 [‐5.99, 28.06]
6 Adverse events	13		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1 Hypertension	5	950	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.82 [0.71, 0.95]
6.2 Hyperlipidaemia	3	562	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.63, 1.21]
6.3 CMV infection	7	608	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.87 [0.52, 1.45]
6.4 Diabetes	6	810	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.94 [0.62, 1.42]
6.5 Malignancy	6	1079	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.10 [0.93, 1.30]
6.6 Infection	6	724	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.96 [0.61, 1.51]
7 Subgroup analysis: acute rejection	15	1666	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.54 [1.56, 4.12]
7.1 Avoidance	3	238	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.16 [0.85, 5.49]
7.2 Late withdrawal	12	1428	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	3.21 [1.59, 6.48]
8 Subgroup analysis: GFR	8	910	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	3.56 [‐1.13, 8.25]
8.1 Avoidance	3	242	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.22 [‐14.84, 10.40]
8.2 Late withdrawal	5	668	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	5.54 [1.66, 9.43]
9 Subgroup analysis: graft loss	16	2414	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.78, 0.99]
9.1 Avoidance	4	566	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.96 [0.79, 1.16]
9.2 Late withdrawal	13	1848	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.84 [0.73, 0.97]