Summary of findings 4. Active NRT compared with placebo ‐ rs 588765 ‐ non‐Hispanic white for smoking cessation.
| Active NRT compared with placebo ‐ rs 588765 ‐ non‐Hispanic white for smoking cessation | ||||||
| Patient or population: people who smoke Setting: community and healthcare settings Intervention: active NRT Comparison: placebo | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with placebo ‐ rs 588765 ‐ non‐Hispanic white | Risk with active NRT | |||||
| End of treatment | Study population | RR 1.33 (1.04 to 1.71) | 923 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATEa | Pooled result across studies, including all genotypes. Between‐genotype group heterogeneity P value = 0.92 (see results for individual subgroups in below rows) | |
| 211 per 1000 | 281 per 1000 (220 to 361) | |||||
| End of treatment ‐ homozygous major | Study population | RR 1.39 (0.89 to 2.16) | 296 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOWb | For participants with homozygous major genotype, low‐quality evidence suggests that point estimate favours intervention, but 95% CI crosses null effect. | |
| 208 per 1000 | 288 per 1000 (185 to 448) | |||||
| End of treatment ‐ heterozygous | Study population | RR 1.27 (0.89 to 1.79) | 469 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOWb | For participants with heterozygous genotype, point estimate favours intervention, but 95% CI crosses null effect. | |
| 208 per 1000 | 265 per 1000 (185 to 373) | |||||
| End of treatment ‐ homozygous minor | Study population | RR 1.50 (0.74 to 3.06) | 158 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOWb | For participants with homozygous minor genotype, low‐quality evidence suggests that point estimate favours intervention, but 95% CI crosses null effect. | |
| 226 per 1000 | 339 per 1000 (167 to 691) | |||||
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; NRT: nicotine replacement therapy; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RR: risk ratio. | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High quality: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate quality: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low quality: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low quality: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
aDowngraded one level owing to imprecision: low number of events; optimal information size criterion not met.
bDowngraded two levels owing to serious imprecision: optimal information size criterion not met, but 95% CIs include the null effect and fail to exclude important benefit or important harm.