Stewardson 2016.

Methods	Cluster‐randomised trial in 1 centre Study period: Baseline period April 1, 2009‐June 30, 2010; intervention period July 1, 2010 ‐June 30, 2012. Switzerland
Participants	All healthcare workers
Interventions	Enhanced feedback or enhanced feedback with patient participation vs standard WHO‐based multimodal intervention
Outcomes	Observed hand hygiene compliance
Notes	Funding source: Swiss National Science Foundation Declaration of interest: None declared
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated sequence with block randomisation of wards to groups
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants assigned to intervention or control group prior to start of study
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not possible to blind
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not possible to blind as posters used
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Missing data (missed opportunities) unlikely to be very different in different arms
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No evidence of selective reporting
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence
Baseline outcomes	Low risk	Similar baseline outcomes
Baseline characteristics	Unclear risk	Allocated by strata so patient characteristics likely similar but no data provided on healthcare workers or physical layout
Protection from contamination	Unclear risk	Unclear if staff moved from control to intervention wards; identified by authors in discussion as a possibility