Study	Main component of psychological intervention (type of intervention)	Duration of intervention (duration of follow‐up)	Description of participants	Trial period (year to year)	Country	Setting	Ethnic groups (%)	Duration of diabetes (mean/range years (SD) or as reported)
Beverly 2013	I: cognition focused (group education)	4 1‐hour sessions of unknown duration (12 months)	Adults with type 2 diabetes who had at least 3 hours of prior diabetes education	—	USA	Joslin Clinic	Non‐Hispanic white: 73	13.0 (6.1)
	C: enhanced usual care (educational classes not focusing on diabetes care)						Non‐Hispanic white: 70	13.6 (9.5)
Davies 2008	I: cognition focused (group education)	1‐2 days (12 months postintervention)	Adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes	2004‐2006	UK	General practices	White European: 94	—
	C: enhanced usual care (additional contact time with healthcare professionals)						White European: 94	—
Dennick 2015	I: emotion focused (writing about different aspects of life, thoughts and feelings)	1 week (3 months postintervention)	Adults with type 2 diabetes	—	UK	General practices	White British: 96	76.9 (54.4) months
	C: cognition focused (writing about previous days' activities)						White British: 100	93.7 (95.9) months
D'Eramo Melkus 2010	I: emotion‐cognition components (cognitive behavioural self‐management training)	12 months (12 months postintervention)	Black women	—	USA	Primary care and community‐based	Black: 100	—
	C: cognition focused (group education)						Black: 100	—
Fisher 2011	I: cognition focused (self‐monitoring of blood glucose)	1 session (12 months)	Adults with type 2 diabetes who are able to read and write English	2008‐2010	USA	Primary care	White: 60	7.5 (6.1)
	C: enhanced usual care (additional quarterly diabetes‐focused physician visits)	— (12 months)					White: 67	7.7 (6.1)
Fisher 2013	I1: cognition focused (computer‐assisted self‐management)	48 weeks (12 months postintervention)	Non‐clinically depressed adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus	2008‐2011	USA	Community medical groups and diabetes education centres	White, non‐Hispanic: 41	6.9 (6.0)
	I2: emotion‐cognition components (computer‐assisted self‐management + problem solving)						White, non‐Hispanic: 42	6.5 (5.5)
	C: cognition focused (general diabetes support and education)						White, non‐Hispanic: 35	7.6 (6.4)
Gabbay 2013	I: cognition focused (motivational interviewing)	24 months (24 months)	High‐risk type 2 diabetes participants	2006‐2008	USA	Primary care clinics	White: 46 Hispanic: 38	—
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						White: 47 Hispanic: 39	—
Glasgow 2005	I: cognition focused (computer‐assisted self‐management)	6 months (6 months postintervention)	Adults with type 2 diabetes and able to read English	2001‐2002	USA	Primary care settings	Non‐Hispanic white: 84 Black: 2	—
	C: enhanced usual care (computer information without self‐management)	12 months (12 months)					Non‐Hispanic white: 78 Black: 3	—
Grillo 2016	I: cognition focused (self‐management education)	1 + 8 months (11 months postintervention)	Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus participants	January 2009 to July 2010	Brazil	Primary care unit	White: 87	10.1 (8.3)
	C: enhanced usual care (group meetings without education)	8 months (12 months)					White: 87	9.7 (7.3)
Hermanns 2012	I: emotion‐cognition components (self‐management programme)	6 months (6 months postintervention)	Adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral antidiabetic treatment, able to read and understand the German language	—	Germany	Outpatient medical practices run by a diabetologist and a diabetes educator or diabetes nurse	—	13.8 (8.3)
	C: cognition focused (combination of 2 education programmes)						—	13.6 (6.8)
Hermanns 2015	I: emotion‐cognition components (cognitive behaviour treatment)	2 weeks plus four intended phone visits of unknown duration (12 months)	Diabetes mellitus with depression	2009‐2011	Germany	Inpatient diabetes centre	—	14.2 (10.3)
	C: cognition focused (group education)	12 months (12 months postintervention)					—	14.2 (10.7)
Lamers 2011	I: emotion‐cognition components (cognitive behaviour therapy)	6 weeks (9 months postintervention)	Type 2 diabetes aged 60 years and over with co‐occurring depression	2003‐2006	Netherlands	Primary care practices	—	8.2 (8.8)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)	9 months (9 months)					—	9.8 (9.1)
Lerman 2009	I1: cognition focused (telephone contacts)	6 months (12 months postintervention)	After finishing a course on diabetes education	—	Mexico	Internal medicine and diabetes clinic	—	11.0 (8)
	I2: cognition focused (group‐based education)						—	12.0 (8)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)	6 weeks (12 months postintervention)					—	14.0 (4)
Liu 2015	I: emotion‐cognition components (peer education)	6 months (6 months)	Type 2 diabetes ≥ 45 years with mental disorders (mild‐to‐moderate depression or anxiety)	—	China	Hospital‐based; diabetes education, community follow‐up by peer leaders	All Chinese	9.8 (6.6)
	C: cognition focused (diabetes health education)	— (6 months postintervention)						10.5 (6.4)
Pibernik‐Okanovic 2015	I1: emotion‐cognition components (psycho‐educational intervention)	6 weeks (12 months postintervention)	Type 2 diabetes participants who screened positively for depression and expressed a need for professional help with mood‐related issues	2010‐2012	Croatia	University hospital's clinic for diabetes	—	11.4 (9.1)
	I2: cognition focused (physical activity intervention)						—	12.9 (2.8)
	C1: emotion‐cognition components (enhanced usual diabetes care)	1 session (12 months postintervention)					—	10.5 (6.9)
Quinn 2011	I1: cognition focused (coach + mobile diabetes management software)	12 months (12 months)	Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who would benefit from an intensive diabetes intervention	—	USA	Primary care practices	Black: 44 Non‐Hispanic White: 52	7.7 (5.6)
	I2: cognition focused (coach + mobile diabetes management software + Internet portal)						Black 46 Non‐Hispanic white: 41	6.8 (4.9)
	I3: cognition focused (coach + mobile diabetes management software + Internet portal + decision support)						Black 27 Non‐Hispanic white: 63	8.2 (5.3)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						Black 48 Non‐Hispanic white: 46	9.0 (7.0)
Rosenbek 2011	I: emotion‐cognition components (motivational interviewing)	12 months (12 months postintervention)	Adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus who had participated in a group education programme before	2005‐2009	Denmark	University hospital	—	57.1 (12.6) months
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)	24 months (12 months postintervention)					—	55.8 (11.6) months
Shibayama 2007	I: emotion‐cognition components (behavioural counselling)	12 months (12 months)	Participants with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c 6.5% to 8.5%, not using insulin	—	Japan	Outpatients of the University of Tokyo Hospital	—	10 (6 to 14)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						—	13 (8 to 16)
Simmons 2015	I1: emotion‐cognition components (group peer support)	12 months (12 months)	Participants with type 2 diabetes for at least 12 months	2011‐2013	UK	Communities across Cambridgeshire and neighbouring areas of Essex and Hertfordshire, mainly general practices	Ethnic minority: 7	7.0 (3 to 12)
	I2: emotion‐cognition components (group and individual support)						Ethnic minority: 7	6.0 (3 to 11)
	I3: emotion focused (individual peer support)						Ethnic minority: 8	7.0 (3 to 12)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						Ethnic minority: 7	6.5 (3 to 12)
Skelly 2009	I1: cognition focused (symptom‐focused)	6 months (9 months postintervention)	Older African American women with type 2 diabetes	—	USA	Healthcare centres, health department clinics, and primary care practices	Black: 100	15 (7.3)
	I2: cognition focused (symptom‐focused with telephone booster)	6 months (9 months)					Black: 100	12 (6.2)
	C: enhanced usual care (weight and diet programme)	3 months (6 months postintervention)					Black: 100	12 (5.2)
Spencer 2013	I: emotion‐cognition components (community health worker intervention)	5.5 months (6 months postintervention)	African American and Latino participants with type 2 diabetes	—	USA	Community health centre, a major local health system	African American: 53	—
	C: waiting list or usual care (information on community activities)	6 months (6 months postintervention)					African American: 61	—
Sperl‐Hillen 2013	I1: cognition focused (individual education)	3 months (10 months postintervention)	Type 2 diabetes participants with HbA1c > 7%	2008‐2009	USA	Health partners in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Clinics in Minneapolis, Minnesota	White: 65 Black: 5 Hispanic: 22	11.7
	I2: cognition focused (group education)	1 month (10 months postintervention)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)	13 months (13 months)
Sturt 2008	I: emotion‐cognition components (diabetes manual structured education)	3 months (3 months postintervention)	Adults with type 2 diabetes, not taking insulin and able to read and write English and a most recent HbA1c > 8.0%.	2004‐2005	UK	General practices	White: 81	1‐15 years: 76%
	C: waiting list or usual care (standard diabetes care)	6 months (6 months)					White: 79	1‐15 years: 80%
Taylor 2006	I1: emotion‐cognition components (cognitive‐behavioural therapy)	5 weeks (5 weeks)	Adults with type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months	2000	USA	Diabetes support group, American Diabetes Association's referrals, and physician referrals from the Sutter Health Medical Group and Placer County's health agencies	White: 95 Hispanic: 3 African American: 1 Asian: 1	—
	I2: emotion‐cognition components (expressive writing)							—
	C: waiting list or usual care (standard diabetes care)							—
Trief 2016	I1: emotion‐cognition components (behaviour change intervention, couples)	4 months (12 months postintervention)	A willing partner able to speak and read English; in a self‐defined committed relationship for ≥ 1 year	2009‐2014	USA	Community	White: 74 Hispanic or Latino: 5 Asian: 4 Black or African American: 18	12.8 (8.5)
	I2: emotion‐cognition components (behaviour change intervention, individuals)		Type 2 diabetes for > 1 year; baseline HbA1c ≥ 7.5% (58 mmol/mol); ≥ 21 years of age; able to speak and read English				White: 64 Hispanic or Latino: 7 Asian: 12 Black or African American: 20	11.9 (6.9)
	C: cognition focused (individual diabetes education)	2 weeks (12 months postintervention)					White: 70 Hispanic or Latino: 10 Asian: 12 Black or African American: 14	12.6 (8.3)
Van der Wulp 2012	I: cognition focused (peer‐led self‐management coaching programme)	3 months (6 months postintervention)	Recently diagnosed participants with type 2 diabetes	2008‐2010	Netherlands	General practices	Dutch: 88	—
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)	9 months (6 months postintervention)					Dutch: 85	—
Van Dijk‐de Vries 2015	I: emotion‐cognition components (self‐management support in routine care)	12 months (12 months postintervention)	Type 2 diabetes participants with impaired daily functioning and emotional distress	2011‐2012	Netherlands	General practices	Non‐Western: 2	9 (8)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						Non‐Western: 0	8 (6)
Weinger 2011	I1: emotion‐cognition components (behavioural strategies)	6 weeks (12 months postintervention)	Type 2 diabetes participants with diabetes ≥ 2 years taking insulin and/or oral medication ≥1 year, and HbA1c > 7.5%	2003‐2008	USA	Joslin Clinic	Non‐Hispanic white: 80 (subgroup with T2DM)	10.7 (1.3 to 41.1) months (subgroup with T2DM)
	C1: cognition focused (group attention)
	C2: cognition focused (individual attention)
Welch 2015	I: emotion‐cognition components (one‐to‐one diabetes education)	6 months (6 months)	Self‐identified Hispanic ethnicity, HbA1c > 7.5%	2010‐2012	USA	Federally qualified health centres	White: 98	—
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)						White: 99	—
Whittemore 2004	I: emotion‐cognition components (nurse coaching)	6 months (6 months)	Women with type 2 diabetes, who had previously participated in diabetes education	—	USA	Outpatient diabetes education centre	White: 89 Hispanic 11	2.7 (3.0)
	C: usual care (standard diabetes care)
—: not reported; C: comparator; HbA1c: glycosylated haemoglobin A1c; I: intervention; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus