. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 4.

Published in final edited form as: J Perinatol. 2019 Mar 4;39(5):608–618. doi: 10.1038/s41372-019-0342-9

Table 1: Normative Fetal Heart Rate by Gestational Age:

Normative values (mean, SD, 5^th and 95^th percentiles), collapsing across all sleep/activity states, for fetal heart rate, heart rate variability, movement, heart rate/movement cross correlation, and heart rate movement lag from cross correlation analyses at each of three assessment gestational age ranges (GA1, 20–24 weeks gestation, n=994; GA2, 28–32 weeks gestation, n=507; GA3, 34–38, weeks gestation, n=1481). Outlier cutoffs were set at 1.5 x IQR above the 75^th or below the 25^th percentile. The 5^th and 95^th percentiles were determined after removing outliers.

Variable GA Group	n with # epochs>4 (% of participants)	low cutoff	high cutoff			percentile
Variable GA Group	n with # epochs>4 (% of participants)	low cutoff	high cutoff	final n	% outliers	mean ± SD	5^th	95^th
Heart Rate (bpm)
GA1	776 (78%)	133.1	155.0	744	4%	144.1 ±4.8	136.3	152.5
GA2	470 (93%)	126.3	153.1	443	6%	139.5 ±5.7	130.2	148.9
GA3	1422(96%)	122.1	152.8	1334	4%	136.4 ±6.7	124.7	147.8
SD of Heart Rate (bpm)
GA1	776 (78%)	1.4	4.5	745	4%	2.9 ±0.7	1.8	4.1
GA2	470 (93%)	1.8	5.9	444	6%	3.7 ±0.9	2.3	5.2
GA3	1422(96%)	1.7	6.9	1353	5%	4.3 ±1.1	2.5	6.3
Fetal movement (arb units)
GA1	750 (75%)	0.7	3.3	713	5%	1.9±0.6	1.1	2.9
GA2	456 (90%)	0.6	3.3	438	5%	1.9±0.5	1.1	2.8
GA3	1397(94%)	0.6	3.6	1315	6%	2.0 ±0.7	1.1	3.2
Movement/HR Cross correlation (no units)
GA1	451 (45%)	0.54	0.88	435	4%	0.71 ±0.07	0.59	0.82
GA2	355 (70%)	0.59	0.89	339	5%	0.75 ±0.06	0.63	0.85
GA3	1230(83%)	0.62	0.90	1178	4%	0.77 ±0.06	0.66	0.86
LAG of Movement/HR (sec)
GA1	451 (45%)	−11.4	−3.3	432	4%	−7.4±1.8	−10.5	−4.5
GA2	355 (70%)	−10.0	−2.6	334	6%	−6.2 ±1.6	−9.1	−3.5
GA3	1230(83%)	−9.1	−2.9	1178	4%	−6.0 ±1.3	−8.3	−4.0