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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 26.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2019 Apr 26;124(9):1360–1371. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.314607

Figure 6. HFD-induced cardiac dysfunction was attenuated by TB1.

Figure 6.

(A,B) Mitophagy was upregulated following injection of TB1. Tg-Mito-Keima mice were fed with ND or HFD for 3 months. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with TS or TB1 at 20 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks, beginning after 10 weeks of HFD feeding. Areas with high ratios (561/457) of Mito-Keima signals, indicating mitophagy, are shown. Representative fluorescent images and quantitative analysis of mitophagy. Scale bar = 50μm. N=4 in each group. Values are means ± S.E. *, p<0.05 using one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. (C) EDPVR evaluated by PV-Loop analysis showed HFD-induced cardiac diastolic dysfunction was attenuated by injection of TB1 compared with TS. N=3–5 in each group. Values are means ± S.E. *, p<0.05 using one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. (D) Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) from isolated CMs was evaluated with Sea Horse Analyzer. N=4 in each group. Values are means ± S.E. *, p<0.05 using one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. (E,F) Quantitative analyses of TMRE intensity freshly isolated from adult CMs. Representative fluorescent images and quantitative analysis of TMRE staining indicated that mitochondrial membrane potential was preserved with injection of TB1. The number of CMs is 500 in each group. Values are means ± S.E. *, p<0.05 using one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. Scale bar = 500μm. (G) Oil red O staining of cardiac tissues. Scale bar = 50μm. (H) Quantification of Oil red O positive area. N=4 in each group. Values are means ± S.E. *, p<0.05 using one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test.