Table 3.

Length of stay and in-hospital costs

Patient category	N	ICU LOS	Non-ICU LOS	Total costs (€)	Admission costs	Surgery costs
All patients	108	4 ± 4	11 ± 14	24,980 ± 17,060	14,980 ± 14,000	6890 ± 4270
Age ≥ 65	65	3 ± 3	10 ± 12	20,820 ± 13,480	11,750 ± 10,670	6150 ± 4040
Age < 65	43	6 ± 5	12 ± 16	31,260 ± 19,930	19,850 ± 16,890	8020 ± 4410
GCS 3	10	3 ± 3	11 ± 19	24,690 ± 18,020	13,720 ± 16,310	7940 ± 2340
GCS 3–5	22	6 ± 4	12 ± 17	30,230 ± 16,370	19,110 ± 14,910	7710 ± 1750
GCS 3–8	49	6 ± 5	11 ± 14	29,660 ± 17,870	18,780 ± 15,890	7520 ± 2200
GCS 9–12	19	3 ± 3	16 ± 20	27,650 ± 15,780	15,120 ± 12,600	9230 ± 5470
GCS 13–15	40	2 ± 4	9 ± 8	17,980 ± 14,460	10,250 ± 10,610	5010 ± 4840
Pupillary abnormality	27	7 ± 5	13 ± 14	33,430 ± 18,330	22,480 ± 16,850	7510 ± 1600
No abnormalities	74	3 ± 4	11 ± 14	22,220 ± 16,110	12,590 ± 12,120	6690 ± 4940
Emergency surgery	90	5 ± 5	12 ± 15	28,670 ± 16,230	17,120 ± 14,290	8270 ± 3220
No	18	1 ± 2	4 ± 5	6520 ± 4320	4240 ± 4160	0
Craniotomy	60	4 ± 4	12 ± 14	26,400 ± 14,680	16,040 ± 12,790	7310 ± 3060
DC	29	6 ± 5	11 ± 16	33,140 ± 19,070	19,950 ± 16,980	9550 ± 3790
ICP monitoring	40	7 ± 5	15 ± 16	36,580 ± 16,650	23,420 ± 15,260	9340 ± 3730
No ICP monitoring	68	2 ± 3	9 ± 12	18,150 ± 13,250	10,010 ± 10,480	5460 ± 3920
Outcome
Favorable*	50	3 ± 4	11 ± 10	20,430 ± 16,540	12,320 ± 13,170	5270 ± 3910
Unfavorable	56	5 ± 5	11 ± 16	29,230 ± 16,850	17,650 ± 14,490	8230 ± 4100
Dead at discharge	41	5 ± 4	6 ± 10	25,340 ± 12,450	13,890 ± 10,070	8180 ± 3770

Table 3 provides an overview of length of stay and in-hospital costs per subgroup. In-hospital costs are divided between costs related to admission and surgical intervention. Mean ± SD; all costs in € and LOS in days

*GOS outcomes not available for two patients

N, number; LOS, length of stay; GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; DC, decompressive craniectomy; ICP, intracranial pressure