Table 2.
AIC model selection table for the test of the relationship between human characteristics of the natal territory (obtained from the principal component analysis (PCA)) and the habitat selection of adult wolves in central Scandinavia (from 2001–2015) towards humans (using only GPS locations while traveling) after wolves settled as a pair.
| Model | AIC | LL | df | deltaAIC | Model | AIC | LL | df | deltaAIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCP | KERNEL | ||||||||
| Distance all human features | |||||||||
| Null | 14.41 | −3.21 | 36 | 0 | Null | 15.29 | −3.64 | 36 | 0 |
| Natal_F | 15.84 | −2.92 | 35 | 1.42 | Natal_F | 16.77 | −3.38 | 35 | 1.48 |
| Natal_M | 16.41 | −3.2 | 35 | 2 | Natal_M | 17.26 | −3.63 | 35 | 1.97 |
| Natal_M + Natal_F | 17.68 | −2.84 | 34 | 3.27 | Natal_F * Season | 18.07 | −2.04 | 33 | 2.78 |
| Natal_F * Season | 17.95 | −1.98 | 33 | 3.54 | Natal_M + Natal_F | 18.53 | −3.27 | 34 | 3.24 |
| Natal_M * Season | 18.49 | −2.24 | 33 | 4.07 | Natal_M * Season | 18.82 | −2.41 | 33 | 3.53 |
| Natal_M*Natal_F | 19.25 | −2.62 | 33 | 4.83 | Natal_M*Natal_F | 20.24 | −3.12 | 33 | 4.95 |
| Distance main human features | |||||||||
| Natal_F | 0.89 | 4.55 | 35 | 0 | Null | −1.9 | 4.95 | 36 | 0 |
| Null | 1.13 | 3.43 | 36 | 0.24 | Natal_F | −0.75 | 5.37 | 35 | 1.15 |
| Natal_M + Natal_F | 2.68 | 4.66 | 34 | 1.78 | Natal_M | 0.06 | 4.97 | 35 | 1.96 |
| Natal_M | 3.07 | 3.46 | 35 | 2.18 | Natal_M + Natal_F | 0.81 | 5.6 | 34 | 2.71 |
| Natal_F * Season | 3.94 | 5.03 | 33 | 3.04 | Natal_M*Natal_F | 2.73 | 5.63 | 33 | 4.63 |
| Natal_M*Natal_F | 4.66 | 4.67 | 33 | 3.77 | Natal_F * Season | 2.99 | 5.5 | 33 | 4.89 |
| Natal_M * Season | 6.53 | 3.74 | 33 | 5.64 | Natal_M * Season | 3.75 | 5.12 | 33 | 5.66 |
Results are presented for selection towards Distance to all human features (includes distance to the closest main and secondary roads, and buildings; top rows) and Distance to main human features (includes distance to the closest main roads and buildings; bottom rows), and when defining availability using minimum convex polygon (MCP, left column) and kernel (right column) for the natal home range. Natal_F and Natal_M correspond to the score of the natal territory obtained on the first axis of the PCA for the female and male, respectively. Season corresponds to summer/winter. All models included moose density as an explanatory variable.