Table 1. Baseline Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, and Number of Follow-up Complication Assessments in Wrist and Radius Injury Surgical Trial Participants (Intent-to-Treat Treatment Group)a.
| No. (%) | P Valuec | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VLPS (n = 65) | External Fixation (n = 64) | Pinning (n = 58) | Casting (n = 109)b | ||
| Demographics, mean (SD) | |||||
| Age, y | 67.3 (6.2) | 69.5 (8.4) | 68.5 (7.0) | 75.6 (9.6) | <.001 |
| No. of comorbidities | 3.1 (2.2) | 3.6 (2.5) | 3.4 (2.1) | 3.8 (2.7) | .40 |
| No. of follow-up visitsd | 4.5 (1.0) | 4.3 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.3) | 3.7 (1.4) | <.001 |
| Male | 10 (15.4) | 5 (7.8) | 9 (15.5) | 16 (14.6) | .51 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 59 (90.8) | 54 (84.4) | 52 (89.7) | 85 (78.0) | .04e |
| Black | 3 (4.6) | 6 (9.4) | 2 (3.5) | 6 (5.5) | |
| Asian | 1 (1.5) | 3 (4.7) | 4 (6.9) | 16 (14.7) | |
| ≥2 or other | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (1.8) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Education | |||||
| <High school diploma or GED | 21 (32.3) | 18 (28.1) | 23 (39.7) | 47 (43.1) | .52e |
| Vocational/technical school, <bachelor degree | 19 (29.2) | 18 (28.1) | 20 (34.5) | 30 (27.5) | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 9 (13.9) | 11 (17.2) | 8 (13.8) | 13 (11.9) | |
| ≥Master’s degree | 12 (18.5) | 16 (25.0) | 6 (10.3) | 18 (16.5) | |
| Missing | 4 (6.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Income, $ | |||||
| ≤9999 | 4 (6.2) | 3 (4.7) | 2 (3.5) | 10 (9.2) | .28 |
| 10 000-49 999 | 30 (46.2) | 32 (50.0) | 22 (37.9) | 63 (57.8) | |
| 50 000-69 999 | 8 (12.3) | 11 (17.2) | 11 (19.0) | 12 (11.0) | |
| ≥70 000 | 15 (23.1) | 13 (20.3) | 16 (27.6) | 13 (11.9) | |
| Missing | 8 (12.3) | 5 (7.8) | 7 (12.1) | 11 (10.1) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Current | 8 (12.3) | 6 (9.4) | 6 (10.3) | 9 (8.3) | .50e |
| Former | 28 (43.1) | 18 (28.1) | 21 (36.2) | 44 (40.4) | |
| Never | 28 (43.1) | 40 (62.5) | 31 (53.5) | 56 (51.4) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Preinjury functional status | |||||
| Sedentary | 8 (12.3) | 7 (10.9) | 3 (5.2) | 16 (14.7) | .12e |
| Underactive | 27 (41.5) | 30 (46.9) | 29 (50.0) | 62 (56.9) | |
| Active | 29 (44.6) | 27 (42.2) | 26 (44.8) | 30 (27.5) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) | |
Abbreviations: GED, general equivalency diploma; VLPS, volar locking plate system.
a
Of the 296 study enrollees, complication data were available in only 287 persons.
b
Casting group participants are a parallel cohort to randomized participants.
c
From comparison across the 4 groups.
d
Follow-up visits were at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, for a possible range of 1 to 5 visits per person.
e
Based on χ2 test after excluding missing category (and ≥2 or other category for race).