Table 1. Characteristics of Patients Who Died In the Hospital or Were Discharged to Hospice.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sepsis Present (n = 300) | Sepsis Absent (n = 268) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 70.8 (15.9) | 70.3 (16.3) | .78 |
| Male sex | 155 (51.7) | 134 (50.0) | .69 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 226 (75.3) | 209 (78.0) | .71 |
| Black | 54 (18.0) | 45 (16.8) | |
| Hispanic | 10 (3.3) | 5 (1.9) | |
| Other | 10 (3.3) | 9 (3.4) | |
| Preadmission location | |||
| Home | 222 (74.0) | 236 (88.1) | <.001 |
| Facility | 78 (26.0) | 32 (11.9) | |
| Hospital type | |||
| Academic | 146 (48.7) | 135 (50.4) | .69 |
| Community | 154 (51.3) | 133 (49.6) | |
| Admitting service | |||
| Medical | 257 (85.7) | 207 (77.2) | .004 |
| Surgical | 31 (10.3) | 28 (10.5) | |
| Other | 12 (4.0) | 33 (12.3) | |
| Type of admission | |||
| Emergency | 288 (96.0) | 262 (97.8) | .11 |
| Elective | 12 (4.0) | 6 (2.2) | |
| DNR or DNI on admission | 67 (22.3) | 63 (23.5) | .74 |
| Required ICU admission | 210 (70.0) | 104 (38.8) | <.001 |
| Unit location at death | |||
| ICU | 151/243 (62.1) | 61/152 (40.1) | <.001 |
| Non-ICU ward | 91/243 (37.5) | 65/152 (42.8) | |
| Emergency department | 1/243 (0.4) | 18/152 (11.8) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Solid cancer | 86 (28.7) | 108 (40.3) | .004 |
| Hematologic cancer | 31 (10.3) | 18 (6.7) | .13 |
| Dementia | 46 (15.3) | 25 (9.3) | .03 |
| Heart failure | 73 (24.3) | 55 (20.5) | .28 |
| Liver disease | 19 (6.3) | 13 (4.9) | .45 |
| Chronic lung disease | 71 (23.7) | 51 (19.0) | .18 |
| Chronic renal disease | 75 (25.0) | 50 (18.7) | .07 |
| Prior stroke | 45 (15.0) | 24 (9.0) | .03 |
| Coronary disease | 92 (30.7) | 72 (26.9) | .32 |
| Diabetes | 102 (34.0) | 77 (28.7) | .18 |
| Substance abuse | 14 (4.7) | 14 (5.2) | .76 |
| Hypertension | 191 (63.7) | 165 (61.6) | .61 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 74 (24.7) | 70 (26.1) | .69 |
| Hospitalization within prior year | 185 (61.7) | 144 (53.7) | .06 |
| Hospitalization within prior 60 d | 125 (41.7) | 101 (37.7) | .33 |
| Hospital LOS, median (IQR), d | 9 (5-17) | 5 (3-8.5) | <.001 |
| ICU LOS, median (IQR), d | 5 (2-10) | 3 (1-6) | <.001 |
| Death | 243 (81.0) | 152 (56.7) | <.001 |
| Hospice | 57 (19.0) | 116 (43.3) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: DNI, do not intubate, DNR, do not resuscitate, ICU, intensive care unit, IQR, interquartile range; LOS, length of stay.