Table 3. Clinical Success: Cure, Clear Improvement, and No Clear Success.
| Variable | Total Cohort (n = 435) | Clinical Success | P Value for Comparison Between Groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cure (n = 118 [27.1%]) | Clear Improvement (n = 135 [31.0%]) | No Clear Success (n = 182 [41.8%]) | Overall | Pairwise | ||||
| Cure vs Clear Improvement | Cure vs No Clear Success | Clear Improvement vs No Clear Success | ||||||
| Preoperative | ||||||||
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 150 (20) | 143 (17) | 150 (17) | 155 (22) | <.001 | .007 | <.001 | .07 |
| DBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 90 (13) | 88 (11) | 90 (12) | 91 (15) | .07 | .56 | .07 | >.99 |
| Preoperative hypertension grade, No. (%)a | ||||||||
| 0 | 111 (25.5) | 49 (41.5) | 27 (20.0) | 35 (19.2) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .03 |
| 1 | 180 (41.4) | 41 (34.7) | 70 (51.9) | 69 (37.9) | ||||
| 2 | 105 (24.1) | 24 (20.3) | 27 (20.0) | 54 (29.7) | ||||
| 3 | 39 (9.0) | 4 (3.4) | 11 (8.1) | 24 (13.2) | ||||
| No. of antihypertensives/d, median (range)b | 3 (0 to 8) | 2 (0 to 6) | 3 (1 to 8) | 3 (0 to 7) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .27 |
| DDD (n = 405)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 3.7 (0.0 to 25.3) | 2.2 (0.0 to 15.7) | 4.1 (0.5 to 25.3) | 4.3 (0.0 to 22.3) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .86 |
| No. of pills/d (n = 407)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 3 (0 to 10) | 2 (0 to 7) | 4 (1 to 10) | 4 (0 to 9) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .22 |
| Postoperative | ||||||||
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 133 (16) | 122 (9) | 126 (9) | 147 (15) | <.001 | .12 | <.001 | <.001 |
| DBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 83 (10) | 78 (7) | 78 (7) | 89 (11) | <.001 | >.99 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Preoperative hypertension grade, No. (%)a | ||||||||
| 0 | 269 (61.8) | 118 (100) | 135 (100) | 16 (8.8) | <.001 | >.99 | <.001 | <.001 |
| 1 | 117 (26.9) | 0 | 0 | 117 (64.3) | ||||
| 2 | 41 (9.4) | 0 | 0 | 41 (22.5) | ||||
| 3 | 8 (1.8) | 0 | 0 | 8 (4.4) | ||||
| No. of antihypertensives/d, median (range)b | 1 (0 to 6) | 0 | 2 (1 to 5) | 2 (0 to 6) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .30 |
| DDD (n = 402)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 1.0 (0.0 to 11.7) | 0 | 2.0 (0.1 to 11.7) | 2.0 (0.0 to 9.8) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .25 |
| No. of pills/d (n = 407)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 1 (0 to 9) | 0 | 2 (0 to 8) | 2 (0 to 9) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .38 |
| Preoperative-Postoperative Changec | ||||||||
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 17 (21) | 21 (18) | 25 (18) | 9 (22) | <.001 | .28 | <.001 | <.001 |
| DBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 7 (14) | 9 (11) | 12 (12) | 3 (15) | <.001 | .49 | <.001 | <.001 |
| SBP, mean (SD), % | 10.3 (13.2) | 13.4 (11.2) | 15.6 (10.1) | 4.3 (14.0) | <.001 | .45 | <.001 | <.001 |
| DBP, mean (SD), % | 7.0 (14.5) | 9.6 (12.9) | 11.9 (12.6) | 1.5 (15.1) | <.001 | .55 | <.001 | <.001 |
| No. of antihypertensives/db | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 2 (−3 to 6) | 2 (0 to 6) | 1 (0 to 5) | 1 (−3 to 5) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .58 |
| Median (range), % | 60 (−100 –100) | 100 (0 –100) | 50 (0 to 80) | 50 (−100 to 100) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .68 |
| DDD (n = 382)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 2.0 (−4.7 to 24.3) | 2.2 (0.0 to 15.7) | 1.9 (−4.7 to 24.3) | 2.0 (−4.3 to 20.7) | .52 | .28 | .36 | .81 |
| Median (range), % | 73 (−400 to 100) | 100 (0 to 100) | 48 (−275 to 99) | 53 (−400 to 100) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .05 |
| No. of pills/d (n = 388)b | ||||||||
| Median (range) | 2 (−3 to 8) | 2 (0 to 7) | 2 (−2 to 8) | 2 (−3 to 6) | .02 | .11 | .005 | .21 |
| Median (range), % | 67 (−200 to 100) | 100 (0 to 100) | 50 (−200 to 100) | 50 (−100 to 100) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .85 |
Abbreviations: CIMP, clear improvement; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DDD, defined daily dose; ESH, European Society of Hypertension; JNC, Joint National Commission; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
a
Grade 0, SBP less than 140 mm Hg and DBP less than 90 mm Hg; grade 1, SBP 140 to 159 mm Hg and/or DBP 90 to 99 mm Hg; grade 2, SBP 160 to 179 mm Hg and/or DBP 100 to 109 mm Hg; and grade 3, SBP 180 mm Hg or higher or DBP 110 mm Hg or higher.20,21
b
Values not normally distributed given as medians (range).
c
Within all outcome variables (also within cure, clear improvement, and no clear success) the preoperative-postoperative Δ values showed significant decrease (P < .05).