Figure 1.

Directed differentiation of hiPSCs and 3D culture of cardiac spheres generate enriched CMs and schematic diagram showing the experimental design. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were directed for CM differentiation and cardiac progenitors were forced to aggregate into 3D cardiac spheres (CSs) at differentiation day 4. Cardiac spheres were subsequently cultured in suspension and monitored for their spontaneous beating activities. Cells at day 20 were used for ethanol exposure and subsequent assessments. ROS, reactive oxygen species; ICC, immunocytochemical analysis; qRT-PCR, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.