Table 4.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors associated with G.lamblia and hookworm infection among school children at Jawi Primary School in Jawi, Ethiopia, 2016/17
| Risk factors | G. lamblia | |||||
| Categories | Total No. (%) | Negative No. (%) | Positive No.(%) | AOR(95%CI) | p-value | |
| Residence | Urban | 273(67.2) | 224(94.5) | 49(5.5) | 1 | 0.96 |
| Rural | 133(32.8) | 101(76) | 32(24) | 0.9(0.5, 1.8) | ||
| Hand washing habit before meals | Always | 122(30) | 87(71.3) | 19(28.7) | 1 | 0.01* |
| Sometimes | 284(69.95) | 238(83.8) | 62(16.2) | 1.7(0.4, 3.1) | ||
| Defecation habit | Open field | 204(50.5) | 152(74.5) | 52(25.5) | 2(1.1, 3.4) | 0.003* |
| In latrine | 202(49.5) | 173(85.6) | 29(14.4) | 1 | ||
| Eating raw vegetables and unwashed fruit | Yes | 268(66) | 211(78.7) | 57(21.3) | 2.2 (1.0, 4.20) | 0.036* |
| No | 138(43) | 114(82.6) | 24(17.4) | 1 | ||
| Hookworm | ||||||
| Total No. (%) | Negative No. (%) | positive No.(%) | AOR 95% CI | p-value | ||
| Age in year | 6–11 | 191(47) | 158(82.7) | 33(17.3) | 3.9 (1.0, 14.4) | 0.037* |
| 12–18 | 159(39.2) | 139(87.4) | 20(12.6) | 2.5 (0.6, 9.6) | ||
| 19–21 | 56(13.8) | 53(94.6) | 3(5.4) | 1 | ||
| Sex | Male | 216(53.2) | 180(83.3) | 36(16.7) | 2 (1.1, 4.3) | 0.003* |
| Female | 190(46.8) | 170(89.5) | 20(10.5) | 1 | ||
| Defecation habit | Open field | 204(50.5) | 165(80.9) | 39(19.1) | 3.2(1.7, 6.2) | 0.001* |
| In latrine | 202(49.5) | 185(91.6) | 17(8.4) | 1 | ||
| Consistency of wearing shoes | Always | 111(27.3) | 98(88.3) | 13(11.7) | 1 | 0.02* |
| Sometimes | 241(59.4) | 211(87.6) | 30(12.4) | 2.2(1.1, 4.3) | ||
| Not at all | 54(13.3) | 41(76) | 13(24) | 3(1.3,7.3) | ||
Note: 1 = reference value, * = statistically significant at p < 0.05, AOR = adjusted odds ratio (multivariate regression model)for habit of hand washing before meals, defecation, eating raw vegetables and unwashed fruit for G. lamblia and age, sex, defecation habit and consistency of wearing shoes for hookworm infection