Figure 1.

Summary schematic of the topics examined in this article: image-guided surgery (including tumor margination and resection, endogenous contrast mechanisms, and endogenous contrast agents), drug delivery and monitoring (including photothermal/photodynamic therapies, nanoparticle and molecular contrast agents, and biosensors), and monitoring therapy and disease states (including targets such as reactive oxygen species, hemodynamics/blood oxygen saturation, temperature/pH, circulating tumor cells, and lipids).