Table 2.
Time between losing first and second parent, among children who lost a parent when aged <18 years old
| Lost father first | Lost mother first | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| HIV+ index (65 mothers) |
HIV− index (42 mothers) |
HIV+ index (33 fathers) |
HIV− index (22 fathers) |
|||||
| number of children | 1371 | 103 | 67 | 50 | ||||
| Double orphan by 1 year later (%) | 6 | (3-12) | 0 | / | 20 | (12-32) | 6 | (2-18) |
| Double orphan by 2 years later (%) | 10 | (6-17) | 1 | (0.2-9) | 25 | (16-38) | 8 | (3-21) |
| Double orphan by 3 years later (%) | 18 | (12-26) | 1 | (0.2-9) | 25 | (16-38) | 8 | (3-21) |
| Double orphan by 4 years later (%) | 23 | (16-32) | 7 | (3-17) | 41 | (28-56) | 8 | (3-21) |
| Double orphan by 5 years later (%) | 28 2 | (20-38) | 7 | (3-17) | 41 | (28-56) | 8 | (3-21) |
| Crude hazard ratio 3 | 4.3 | (1.1-17.0) | 6.5 | (1.4-29.2) | ||||
| Adjusted hazard ratio 4 | 2.9 | (0.9-9.7) | 11.6 | (1.9-69.8) | ||||
1
Forty-nine percent of children of an HIV-positive index experienced the loss of a parent during the follow-up period and were <18 years old at the time of the first parental death, compared to 11% of children of an HIV-negative index.
2
Figures in bold are referred to in the text
3
Rate ratio, comparing rate at which child becomes a double orphan after first parental loss among children of HIV-positive indexes with children of HIV-negative indexes
4
Rate ratio, adjusted for mother’s education, and area of residence of index individual at time of baseline survey