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Proposed biosynthetic pathway to phenylpropenes in basil. Enzymes are as follows: C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; C3H, p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase; CC3H, p-coumaroyl-CoA 3-hydroxylase; CCR, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase; and CAD, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Dotted lines indicate hypothetical reactions; hypothetical intermediates are boxed. The phenylpropanoid pathway involving methylations of the CoA esters (as opposed to the free acids) is shown in brackets.
