Tokola 1984.

Methods	Randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study Each participant treated up to 12 consecutive migraine attacks with up to 2 oral doses of medication; first dose taken at first warning of pain, second dose available after 1.5 h if the response to the first was not good enough Assessment at baseline and 1.5 h, but total study duration and other assessment time points not reported
Participants	Migraine as defined by the Ad Hoc Committee on the Classification of Headache Participants at least 18 years of age N = 49 (with a total of 482 attacks treated) M 3, F 46 Mean age 37 years
Interventions	Numbers of attacks treated: Tolfenamic acid 200 mg + caffeine 100 mg, n = 79 Tolfenamic acid 200 mg, n = 200 mg, n = 85 Tolfenamic acid 200 mg + metoclopramide 10 mg, n = 80 Caffeine 100 mg, n = 81 Metoclopramide, n = 75 Placebo, n = 82
Outcomes	Severity of attack at 1.5 h: 4‐point scale (no symptoms, slight, moderate, severe) Baseline pain intensity not reported so unable to determine level of pain relief from reported pain intensity data at 1.5 h Serious adverse events
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB2, W1. Total = 4/5
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method used to generate random sequence not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	"assigned sequentially from individual packages prepared in random order"
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"Capsules of identical appearance"
Size	Unclear risk	50 to 200 participants in relevant treatment arms