Comparison 1. Fluoride supplementation (tablets) versus placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Children with caries in the primary teeth at 3 years	1	938	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.46 [0.75, 2.85]
2 Children with caries in the primary teeth at 5 years	1	798	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.84 [0.53, 1.33]
3 Decayed primary surfaces at 3 years	1	938	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.05 [‐0.02, 0.12]
4 Filled primary surfaces at 3 years	1	938	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.07 [‐0.07, 0.21]
5 Decayed or filled primary surfaces at 3 years	1	938	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.12 [‐0.05, 0.29]
6 Decayed primary surfaces at 5 years	1	798	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.06 [‐0.17, 0.05]
7 Filled primary surfaces at 5 years	1	798	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.03 [‐0.28, 0.34]
8 Decayed or filled primary surfaces at 5 years	1	798	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.05 [‐0.42, 0.32]
9 Fluorosis (maxillary teeth) at 5 years	1	798	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.79 [0.95, 3.40]
10 Fluorosis (mandibular teeth) at 5 years	1	798	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.89 [0.35, 2.29]