Figure 1.

Serial fluoroscopic images of PEA combined with balloon decompression. (A) Anteroposterior view verified before the procedure showing filling defects of the contrast medium at the epidural space at both L5-S1 intervertebral foramina. (B) Fluoroscopic view showing the inflatable balloon neuroplasty catheter placed in the left L5 intervertebral foramen and the balloon filled with the contrast medium. Foraminal stenosis is visualized by the degree of balloon distortion (arrow). Decompression is performed along the intervertebral foramen by ballooning. (C) After balloon decompression and PEA along the pass from the lateral recess to the intervertebral foramen, the contrast agent spread well. PEA = percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis.