Wu 2009

Methods	Study design: parallel RCT Losses to follow‐up/withdrawals: None
Participants	Setting: inpatients recruited from paediatric department Country: China Ethnicity: Chinese Nephrotic syndrome diagnosed on "the National Diagnostic Criteria for Nephrotic Syndrome in Children", not specifying primary or secondary types. Course of disease: NS Number: 40 children Age range: 1.5 to 14 years Gender (M/F): 27/13 Exclusion criteria: NS
Interventions	Treatment group IVIG Intervention: Ig G Dose 0.1 to 0.3 g/kg/time added to 5% glucose solution once a month Baseline treatment including routine treatment for nephrotic syndrome, not stated in detail Duration of treatment: 6 months Control group Baseline treatment including routine treatment for nephrotic syndrome, not stated in detail Duration of follow‐up: NS
Outcomes	Infection Diagnostic criteria: NS Adverse events
Notes	Spectrum of infection: URI Spectrum of microorganisms: NS Source of funding: NS
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The study did not provide the information on the method of random sequence generation, and only presented with the data as "all participants with nephrotic syndrome were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups".
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The study did not provide the information on allocation concealment.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	The study did not provide the information on blinding.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	There were no missing outcome data.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Free of selective reporting bias was assessed as "No" due to some clinically important outcomes unstated, such as adverse effects of IV IgG.
Other bias	Unclear risk	There was insufficient information to permit judgement.