Myers 2000

Methods	Parallel group RCT
Participants	N Randomised: 25 (exercise 12; control 13) Diagnosis (% of participants): Aetiology: ischaemic 100% NYHA: not reported LVEF: exercise 31.5% (SD 7); control 33.3% (SD 6) Case mix: 100% as above Age (yr): exercise 56 (SD 5); control 55 (SD 7) Male: 100% White: not reported Inclusion/exclusion criteria Inclusion: MI, diagnosis of HF and stable symptoms, LVEF < 40% Exclusion: pulmonary disease
Interventions	Exercise:Total duration: 2 months Aerobic/resistance/mix: aerobic Frequency: walking: 2 sessions/daily; cycling: 4 sessions/wk Duration: walking: 1 hr; cycling: 45 min Intensity: walking: not reported; cycling: 60‐70% peak VO2 Modality: walking and cycling Setting: centre based with supervised by physicians Other: exercise groups received education sessions and low‐fat meals prepared 3 times daily
Outcomes	Hospitalisation and mortality
Comparison	Usual clinical follow‐up
Country and setting	Switzerland Single‐centre
Follow‐up	2 and 12 months (after randomisation)
Notes	"After the initial 2‐months exercise training or control period, both groups were encouraged to remain physically active over the subsequent 10 months, although no formal program was implemented"
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes described in methods reported in results
Intention‐to‐treat analysis?	Low risk	Although not explicit, participants appeared to be analysed according to initial random allocation
Incomplete outcome data?	Low risk	Lost to follow‐up reported
Groups balanced at baseline?	Low risk	"No differences were observed between the 2 groups initially in clinical or demographic data, including age, height, weight, resting blood pressure, pulmonary function, ejection fraction, or maximal oxygen uptake"
Groups received same intervention?	Low risk	Yes, both groups appeared to receive same interventions apart from CR intervention