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. 2017 Oct 30;2017(10):CD012509. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012509.pub2

13. GRADE quality judgement: opioids versus placebo, specific adverse events.

  Participants
(reviews)
Risk of bias Inconsistency Indirectness Imprecision Other considerations Overall quality of evidence
Constipation 4255
(4 reviews)
Serious Not serious Serious Not serious Strong association +++◯
 MODERATE
Dizziness 4130
(4 reviews)
Serious Not serious Serious Not serious Strong association +++◯
 MODERATE
Drowsiness or somnolence 3856
(3 reviews)
Serious Not serious Serious Not serious Strong association +++◯
 MODERATE
Fatigue 1589
(1 review)
Serious Not serious Very serious Not serious None +◯◯◯
 VERY LOW
Hot flushes 593
(1 review)
Serious Not serious Very serious Not serious None +◯◯◯
 VERY LOW
Increased sweating 1350
(1 review)
Serious Not serious Very serious Not serious Very strong association +++◯
 MODERATE
Nausea 4346
(3 reviews)
Serious Not serious Serious Not serious Strong association +++◯
 MODERATE
Pruritus 2865
(1 review)
Serious Not serious Very serious Not serious None +◯◯◯
 VERY LOW
Vomiting 3368
(2 reviews)
Serious Not serious Very serious Not serious Strong association ++◯◯
 LOW