Cox 2006

Methods	A randomised controlled trial of 12 months duration.
Participants	HIV positive persons (n=61) in the United States of America. In the intervention group 70.5% were black, 23.5% white, 3% Hispanic, and 3% mixed Hispanic and African American. In the control group 81% were black and 19% white. 50% of the intervention group, and 46% of the control group, were female.
Interventions	Participants were randomised to an intervention group (n=34) or a control group (n=27). The control group received monthly visits until their viral load was <50, including physician visit, CD4, VL and pharmacist adherence review. The intervention group received the control group intervention plus telephone calls from a pharmacist at day four, two weeks, then monthly for six months.
Outcomes	Outcomes were: adherence; change in CD4 lymphocyte count; and virologic response.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details of random sequence generation in the study.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No mention of allocation concealment in the study.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinding of participants and personnel was unlikely to be feasible in this study, but we do not think this will have affected the results.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No mention of blinding to outcome analysis.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	In the intervention group, one participant withdrew and five were lost to follow up. In the control group, one participant withdrew and seven were lost to follow up. Reasons for these were not mentioned in the study.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Protocol was unavailable to us.