da Silva Ribeiro 2015.
| Methods | RCT | |
| Participants | Recruited from an outpatient setting in Sao Paolo, Brazil 30 participants: 15 intervention, 15 control Inclusion criteria: aged 18‐60 years with a diagnosis of stroke (based on neurologist assessment) and hemiparesis. Able to ambulate and hold the game controller without assistive devices. ≥ 6 months post stroke Exclusion criteria: associated disorders (such as hemineglect or pusher syndrome), intellectual disability that made it difficult to understand the games or a history of orthopaedic diseases that promoted dysfunction in the limbs or prevented the performance of the proposed activity Mean (SD) age: intervention group 53.7 (6.1) years, control group 52.8 (8.6) years 37% men Stroke details: 57% right hemiparesis Timing post stroke, mean (SD): intervention group 42.1 (26.9) months, control group 60.4 (44.) months |
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| Interventions | VR intervention: Nintendo Wii projected onto the wall. After full body stretching for 10 min the participants spent 50 min using the Nintendo Wii. The tennis and hula hoop games were used during the 1st session and soccer and boxing used during the second weekly session. The difficulty level of the games was increased as participants progressed Control intervention: conventional physiotherapy including stretching, passive, active and resisted mobilisation activities, balance and gait activities and gripping activities Sessions were 60 min, twice/week for 2 months with a physiotherapist |
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| Outcomes | Outcomes assessed post intervention Upper limb function and activity: Fugl Meyer Participation and quality of life: SF36 |
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| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Random number allocation (performed online) |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Used envelopes but unclear if opaque or not |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Masked to allocation |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Unclear |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Trial register not reported |